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Polyethylene absorbs almost no water; the gas and water vapour permeability (only polar gases) is lower than for most plastics. Oxygen, carbon dioxide and flavorings, on the other hand, can pass it easily. Polyethylene burns slowly with a blue flame having a yellow tip and gives off an odour of paraffin (similar to candle flame). The material ...
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C 2 H 4 or H 2 C=CH 2. It is a colourless, flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky " odour when pure. [ 7 ] It is the simplest alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon–carbon double bonds ).
Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H 2 C=CHCl. It is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene.It is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to produce the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Epoxide monomers may be cross linked with themselves, or with the addition of a co-reactant, to form epoxy; BPA is the monomer precursor for polycarbonate; Terephthalic acid is a comonomer that, with ethylene glycol, forms polyethylene terephthalate. Dimethylsilicon dichloride is a monomer that, upon hydrolysis, gives polydimethylsiloxane.
To clarify, the polymer is named using the polymer class name followed by a colon and the name of the monomer, i.e., class name:monomer name. Thus on the left and right, respectively, are polyalkylene:vinyloxirane and polyether:vinyloxirane.
It is the ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) molecule (H 2 C=CH 2) with one fewer hydrogen atom. The name is also used for any compound containing that group, namely R−CH=CH 2 where R is any other group of atoms. An industrially important example is vinyl chloride, precursor to PVC, [3] a plastic commonly known as vinyl. Chessboard made from ...
The degradation of polyethylene occurs by random scission—a random breakage of the bonds that hold the atoms of the polymer together. When heated above 450 °C, polyethylene degrades to form a mixture of hydrocarbons. In the case of chain-end scission, monomers are released and this process is referred to as unzipping or depolymerization ...
Most polyolefin are made by treating the monomer with metal-containing catalysts. The reaction is highly exothermic. Traditionally, Ziegler-Natta catalysts are used. Named after the Nobelists Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, these catalysts are prepared by treating titanium chlorides with organoaluminium compounds, such as triethylaluminium.