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A speech sound disorder (SSD) is a speech disorder affecting the ability to pronounce speech sounds, which includes speech articulation disorders and phonemic disorders, the latter referring to some sounds not being produced or used correctly. The term "protracted phonological development" is sometimes preferred when describing children's ...
Smith [15] offers the following definitions of major terms that are important in the world of speech and language disorders. Alternative and augmentative communication (AAC): Assistive technology that helps individuals to communicate; may be low-tech or high-tech; Articulation disorder: Atypical generation of speech sounds
Speech disorders affect roughly 11.5% of the US population, and 5% of the primary school population. [5] Speech is a complex process that requires precise timing, nerve and muscle control, and as a result is susceptible to impairments. A person who has a stroke, an accident or birth defect may have speech and language problems. [6]
Speech sound disorder – previously called phonological disorder, for those with problems with pronunciation and articulation of their native language. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder ( Stuttering ) – standard fluency and rhythm of speech is interrupted, often causing the repetition of whole words and syllables. [ 15 ]
The sounds of the foreign language receive an incorrect phonological interpretation since they are strained through the 'phonological sieve' of one's own mother tongue." Users of the imitative-intuitive approach, who simply give their students a model to imitate ('Listen and Repeat') believe that this problem will resolve itself with exposure ...
[8] [9] [10] Phonological awareness is different from other phonological abilities in that it is a metalinguistic skill, requiring conscious awareness and reflection on the structure of language. [1] [11] Other phonological abilities: such as attending to speech, discriminating between sounds, holding sounds in memory: can be performed without ...
However, their articulation and behavior are distinct enough to be considered a separate manner, rather than just length. The main articulatory difference between flaps and stops is that, due to the greater length of stops compared to flaps, a build-up of air pressure occurs behind a stop which does not occur behind a flap. This means that when ...
The field of articulatory phonetics is a subfield of phonetics that studies articulation and ways that humans produce speech. Articulatory phoneticians explain how humans produce speech sounds via the interaction of different physiological structures.