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The unique nature of archival records and the geographic distribution of individual collections has presented a challenge for those wishing to locate and access them for over 150 years. [7] With the advent of international networked computing and online catalogs, however, the potential emerged for making archival collections searchable online. [13]
Many—especially professional—archives are created by official bodies (governments, education institutions, businesses). Some archives are held as private collections. Some archives are dedicated to documenting and preserving specific community memories. Many such community archives embrace a participatory culture.
The finding aid for a fonds is usually compiled by the collection's entity of origin, provenance, or by an archivist during archival processing, and may be considered the archival science equivalent of a library catalog or a museum collection catalog. The finding aid serves the purpose of locating specific information within the collection. [2]
Archival description should be easy to use, re-use, and share. Each collection within a repository must have an archival description. Archivists must have a user-driven reason to enhance existing archival description. Archival description is a continuous intellectual endeavor.
Archives management is the area of management concerned with the maintenance and use of archives.It is concerned with acquisition, care, arrangement, description and retrieval of records once they have been transferred from an organisation to the archival repository.
Archival science, or archival studies, is the study and theory of building and curating archives, which are collections of documents, recordings, photographs and various other materials in physical or digital formats. To build and curate an archive, one must acquire and evaluate the materials, and be able to access them later.
Research data archiving is the long-term storage of scholarly research data, including the natural sciences, social sciences, and life sciences.The various academic journals have differing policies regarding how much of their data and methods researchers are required to store in a public archive, and what is actually archived varies widely between different disciplines.
An archive is an accumulation of historical records or materials, in any medium, or the physical facility in which they are located. [1] [2]Archives contain primary source documents that have accumulated over the course of an individual or organization's lifetime, and are kept to show the history and function of that person or organization.