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In economics, a trough is a low turning point or a local minimum of a business cycle. The time evolution of many economics variables exhibits a wave-like behavior with local maxima (peaks) followed by local minima (troughs). A business cycle may be defined as the period between two consecutive peaks. [1] [2]
In addition to the absolute pass-through that uses incremental values (i.e., $2 cost shock causing $1 increase in price yields a 50% pass-through rate), some researchers use pass-through elasticity, where the ratio is calculated based on percentage change of price and cost (for example, with elasticity of 0.5, a 2% increase in cost yields a 1% increase in price).
Exchange-rate pass-through (ERPT) is a measure of how responsive international prices are to changes in exchange rates.. Formally, exchange-rate pass-through is the elasticity of local-currency import prices with respect to the local-currency price of foreign currency.
A recession begins when the economy reaches a peak of economic activity and ends when the economy reaches its trough. Economic Recessions in the U.S. Recessions are a normal part of the business ...
For the latter early 1993 represents the trough of a slump started in 1990; Inventory levels were reduced in 1993; Exports decreased (–0.4%) but not as much as imports (–3.1%) meaning that external trade contributed positively to GDP growth in 1993. The weak economic climate resulted in significant increase in unemployment and public deficits.
Put plainly, a drawdown is the “pain” period experienced by an investor between a peak (new highs) and subsequent valley (a low point before moving higher) in the value of an investment. [citation needed] The Maximum Drawdown, more commonly referred to as Max DD, is the worst (the maximum) peak to valley loss since the investment’s inception.
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
A report from the U.S. surgeon general suggested that labels on alcoholic drinks should warn about cancer risk. Doctors expressed their agreement. For people wondering about the long-term damage ...