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Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) or mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is a neuropathological condition with severe neuronal cell loss and gliosis in the hippocampus. [1] Neuroimaging tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) may identify individuals with hippocampal sclerosis. [ 2 ]
A common associated brain abnormality is mesial temporal sclerosis. [15] Mesial temporal sclerosis is a specific pattern of hippocampal neuronal loss accompanied by hippocampal gliosis and atrophy. [18] Complex partial seizures occur when excessive and synchronous electrical brain activity causes the impaired awareness and responsiveness. [19]
Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common focal onset epilepsy, and 80% of temporal lobe epilepsy is mesial (medial) temporal lobe epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy arising from the inner part of the temporal lobe that may involve the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus or amygdala.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a disease that attacks the kidney's filtering system causing serious scarring and thus a cause of nephrotic syndrome in children and adolescents, [1] as well as an important cause of kidney failure in adults. Hippocampal sclerosis, a brain damage often seen in individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Mesial temporal sclerosis, pattern of hippocampal neuron cell loss; Mohr–Tranebjærg syndrome, also known as deafness–dystonia syndrome; MTS assay, a biochemical cell assay used in research; Muir–Torre syndrome, a cancer syndrome
Nearly 2.3 million people are estimated to be living with multiple sclerosis around the world, but when Montel Williams received his official diagnosis back in 1999, not much was known about the ...
Seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy can affect the normal development of new neurons and can cause tissue damage. Hippocampal sclerosis including Ammon's horn sclerosis that is specific to the mesial temporal lobe, is the most common type of such tissue damage.
Identification of common lesions associated with epilepsy like focal cortical dysplasia, mesial temporal sclerosis, microencephalocele, and heterotopia require thorough review of images by trained clinicians as the changes can be very subtle and easily missed if not specifically evaluated for.