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The Bogd Khanate of Mongolia [a] was a de facto country in Outer Mongolia between 1911 and 1915 and again from 1921 to 1924. By the spring of 1911, some prominent Mongol nobles including Prince Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren persuaded the Jebstundamba Khutukhtu to convene a meeting of nobles and ecclesiastical officials to discuss independence from Qing China.
Young Bogd Khan Imperial Seal of Bogd Khan. The future Bogd Khan was born in 1869 in the area of Lhasa, in a family of a Tibetan official. [1] He was born as Agvaan Luvsan Choijinnyam Danzan Vanchüg. His father, Gonchigtseren, was an accountant at the 12th Dalai Lama's court. [2]
A map of the Dzungar Khanate, by a Swedish officer in captivity there in 1716–1733, which include the region known today as Zhetysu The Dzungar Khanate (a fragment of the map of Russian Empire of Peter The Great, that was created by a Sweden soldier in c. 1725)
The Bogd Khan assumed the same powers—symbolic and real—of Qing emperors in the past. He adopted a reign title, "Elevated by the Many"; the Mongolian nobility now owed their tribute to him instead of to the Qing emperor; and the Bogd Khan assumed the right of conferring upon the lay nobles their ranks and seals of office. This new state ...
The occupation of Outer Mongolia by the Beiyang government of the Republic of China after the revocation of Outer Mongolian autonomy (Chinese: 外蒙古撤治) began in October 1919 and lasted until 18 March 1921, when Chinese troops in Urga were routed by Baron Roman von Ungern-Sternberg's White Russian (Buryats, [2] Russians etc.) and Mongolian forces. [3]
The name "Outer Mongolia" is contrasted with Inner Mongolia, [1] which corresponds to the region of Inner Mongolia in China. Inner Mongolia was given its name because it was more directly administered by the Qing court; Outer Mongolia (which is further from the capital Beijing) had a greater degree of autonomy within the Qing empire.
A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia, Vol. 1: Inner Eurasia from Prehistory to the Mongol Empire (1998) excerpt; Christian, David. A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia, Volume II: Inner Eurasia from the Mongol Empire to Today, 1260-2000 (John Wiley & Sons, 2018). excerpt; Kaplonski, Christopher.
“Khyargas Lake is one of Mongolia’s best-kept secrets,” says outdoor enthusiast and Ulaanbaatar local Uyanga Vladimir of TIC 4x4 and Outdoor, who shares photos of her travels on Instagram at ...