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Sphalerite is an important ore of zinc; around 95% of all primary zinc is extracted from sphalerite ore. [42] However, due to its variable trace element content, sphalerite is also an important source of several other metals such as cadmium, [ 43 ] gallium, [ 44 ] germanium, [ 45 ] and indium [ 46 ] which replace zinc.
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In each form, the coordination geometry at Zn and S is tetrahedral. The more stable cubic form is known also as zinc blende or sphalerite. The hexagonal form is known as the mineral wurtzite, although it also can be produced synthetically. [2] The transition from the sphalerite form to the wurtzite form occurs at around 1020 °C.
Zinc produced from sphalerite is used for many purposes, including mixing with copper to produce brass, rust protection of iron & steel, and for making modern American pennies (although the cost of making each zinc penny is >1¢). The crystalline sphalerite specimen shown above is from the well-known Central Tennessee Zinc District (a.k.a ...
[2] [3] Alabandite or alabandine , formerly known as manganese blende or bluemenbachite is a rarely occurring manganese sulfide mineral . It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system with the chemical composition Mn 2+ S and develops commonly massive to granular aggregates, but rarely also cubic or octahedral crystals to 1 cm.
Wurtzite is a zinc and iron sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn,Fe)S, a less frequently encountered structural polymorph form of sphalerite. The iron content is variable up to eight percent. [5] It is trimorphous with matraite and sphalerite. [2] It occurs in hydrothermal deposits associated with sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite ...
[2] It occurs in oxidized veins containing galena, sphalerite and pyrite. Associated secondary minerals include cerussite, phoenicochroite, vauquelinite, willemite, wulfenite, galena, sphalerite, pyrite, tennantite and chalcopyrite. [2] It has been reported from several mining districts in Arizona and one in Nevada.
Hemimorphite most frequently occurs as the product of the oxidation of the upper parts of sphalerite bearing ore bodies, accompanied by other secondary minerals which form the so-called iron cap or gossan. Hemimorphite is an important ore of zinc and contains up to 54.2% of the metal, together with silicon, oxygen and hydrogen. The crystals are ...