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Contemporary Indonesian Poetry: Poems in Bahasa Indonesia and English. University of Queensland Press. Aveling, Harry (2001). Secrets Need Words: Indonesian Poetry 1966-1998. Athens: Ohio University Center for International Studies. ISBN 0-89680-216-7. Raffel, Burton (1968). An Anthologoy of Indonesian Poetry. Albany: State University of New ...
Syair (Jawi: شعير) is a form of traditional Malay (also subsequently modern Indonesian and Malaysian) poetry that is made up of four-line stanzas or quatrains.The syair can be a narrative poem, a didactic poem, a poem used to convey ideas on religion or philosophy, or even one to describe a historical event.
The languages spoken (and part of them written) in the Indonesian Archipelago number over a thousand, and for that reason alone it is impracticable to survey their entire literary production in one article. Since the thought of a national Indonesian language only struck root as recently as the 1920s, this means that emphasis in the present ...
A version of Kakawin Ramayana, written in 1975. Kakawin Ramayana is an Old Javanese poem rendering of the Sanskrit Ramayana in kakawin meter.. Kakawin Rāmâyaṇa is a kakawin, the Javanese form of kāvya, a poem modeled on traditional Sanskritam meters.It is believed to have been written in Central Java (modern Indonesia) in approximately the late ninth or early tenth century, during the era ...
Modern lyric poetry is a formal type of poetry which expresses personal emotions or feelings, typically spoken in the first person. [1] The term for both modern lyric poetry and modern song lyrics derives from a form of Ancient Greek literature , the Greek lyric , which was defined by its musical accompaniment, usually on an instrument known as ...
Oral poetry differs from oral literature in general because oral literature encompasses linguistic registers which are not considered poetry. In most oral literature, poetry is defined by the fact that it conforms to metrical rules; examples of non-poetic oral literature in Western culture include some jokes, speeches and storytelling.
Netti analyzes the poem itself as reflecting Anwar's need to control his environment and not be shaped by outside forces, emphasizing the first two stanzas. [5] According to Netti, through controlling his environment, Anwar is able to better protect his freedom and individualistic nature. [ 6 ]
Many poems have a mixture of short, stand-alone lines with long linked lines; however, in each individual poem there is a "definite form" which can be seen. Only three of Anwar's poems, "Kepada Peminta-Peminta" ("To the Askers"), "?", and "Cemara Menderai Sampai Jauh", follow the traditional four line patter.