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A bootleg turn is a driving maneuver intended to reverse the direction of travel of a forward-moving automobile by 180 degrees in a minimum amount of time while staying within the width of a two-lane road. [1] This maneuver is also known as a smuggler's turn, powerslide, or simply bootlegger.
In a normal turn, rear wheels follow the front ones because resistance to motion in the forward direction (in which the wheels turn) is significantly less than in the sideways direction. The latter provides the centripetal force that makes the rear end of the car follow the turn. When the driver locks the rear wheels with the handbrake, both ...
Reversing (also known as backing up) is the process of driving a vehicle in the reverse direction in order to maneuver. Rear view mirrors are somewhat standard equipment for this endeavor. Reversing a vehicle is used as an intermediate step to complete a three point turn , J-turn , parallel park , or similar maneuver.
Roadway noise is the collective sound energy emanating from motor vehicles. It consists chiefly of road surface , tire, engine /transmission, aerodynamic, and braking elements. Noise of rolling tires driving on pavement is found to be the biggest contributor of highway noise and increases with higher vehicle speeds.
A white-noise back-up beeper provides a less disruptive alert than the original pure-tone alert. A back-up beeper, also known as back-up alarm or vehicle motion alarm, is a device intended to warn passers-by of a vehicle moving in reverse. Some models produce pure tone beeps at about 1000 Hz and 97-112 decibels. [1]
The turn is achieved by transferring the momentum of the car by reversing quickly in a straight line then turning the wheel sharply while using a brake to lock the front wheels. The driver changes into a forward gear as the nose comes about.
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Depending on the driver, steering force and transmission of road forces back to the steering wheel and the steering ratio of turns of the steering wheel to turns of the road wheels affect control and awareness. Play—free rotation of the steering wheel before the wheels rotate—is a common problem, especially in older model and worn cars.