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In morphology, a root is a morphologically simple unit which can be left bare or to which a prefix or a suffix can attach. [2] [3] The root word is the primary lexical unit of a word, and of a word family (this root is then called the base word), which carries aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents.
A kenning has two parts: a base-word (also known as a head-word) and a determinant. So in "whale's road", "road" is the base-word, and "whale's" is the determinant. This is the same structure as in the modern English term "skyscraper"; the base-word here would be "scraper", and the
Unlike derivational suffixes, English derivational prefixes typically do not change the lexical category of the base (and are so called class-maintaining prefixes). Thus, the word do, consisting of a single morpheme, is a verb, as is the word redo, which consists of the prefix re-and the base root do.
In linguistics, back-formation is the process of forming a new word by removing actual affixes, or parts of the word that is re-analyzed as an affix, from other words to create a base. [5] Examples include: the verb headhunt is a back-formation of headhunter; the verb edit is formed from the noun editor [5]
This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English (and other modern languages). Ancient orthography did not distinguish between i and j or between u and v. [1] Many modern works distinguish u from v but not i from j. In this article, both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words.
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Another active word-formation process in English is the creation of acronyms, [243] words formed by pronouncing abbreviations of longer phrases as single words, e.g. NATO, laser, scuba. Word origins Main articles: Foreign-language influences in English and Lists of English words by country or language of origin
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