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  2. Test functions for optimization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_functions_for...

    Convergence rate. Precision. Robustness. General performance. Here some test functions are presented with the aim of giving an idea about the different situations that optimization algorithms have to face when coping with these kinds of problems. In the first part, some objective functions for single-objective optimization cases are presented.

  3. Golden-section search - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden-section_search

    The golden-section search is a technique for finding an extremum (minimum or maximum) of a function inside a specified interval. For a strictly unimodal function with an extremum inside the interval, it will find that extremum, while for an interval containing multiple extrema (possibly including the interval boundaries), it will converge to one of them.

  4. Convergence tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_tests

    Raabe–Duhamel's test. Let { an } be a sequence of positive numbers. Define. If. exists there are three possibilities: if L > 1 the series converges (this includes the case L = ∞) if L < 1 the series diverges. and if L = 1 the test is inconclusive. An alternative formulation of this test is as follows.

  5. Plotting algorithms for the Mandelbrot set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plotting_algorithms_for...

    The problem with is that the convergence to by iterating () requires, theoretically, an infinite number of operations. The problem with any given p {\displaystyle p} is that, sometimes, due to rounding errors, a period is falsely identified to be an integer multiple of the real period (e.g., a period of 86 is detected, while the real period is ...

  6. Moving-cluster method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving-cluster_method

    The moving-cluster method relies on observing the proper motions and Doppler shift of each member of a group of stars known to form a cluster. The idea is that since all the stars share a common space velocity, they will appear to move towards a point of common convergence ("vanishing point") on the sky. This is essentially a perspective effect.

  7. Cauchy's convergence test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy's_convergence_test

    The Cauchy convergence test is a method used to test infinite series for convergence. It relies on bounding sums of terms in the series. It relies on bounding sums of terms in the series. This convergence criterion is named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy who published it in his textbook Cours d'Analyse 1821.

  8. Chambolle-Pock algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chambolle-Pock_algorithm

    The Chambolle-Pock algorithm is specifically designed to efficiently solve convex optimization problems that involve the minimization of a non-smooth cost function composed of a data fidelity term and a regularization term. [ 1] This is a typical configuration that commonly arises in ill-posed imaging inverse problems such as image ...

  9. Autostereogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostereogram

    The top and bottom images produce a dent or projection depending on whether viewed with cross- () or wall- () eyed vergence. An autostereogram is a two-dimensional (2D) image that can create the optical illusion of a three-dimensional (3D) scene. Autostereograms use only one image to accomplish the effect while normal stereograms require two.