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Profile for the first crewed American sub-orbital flight, 1961. Launch rocket lifts the spacecraft for the first 2:22 minutes. Dashed line: zero gravity. Science and Mechanics cover of November 1931, showing a proposed sub-orbital spaceship that would reach an altitude 700 miles (1,100 km) on its one hour trip from Berlin to New York.
This comparison of orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all current and future individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. A first list contains rockets that are operational or have attempted an orbital flight attempt as of 2024; a second list includes all upcoming rockets.
(+ suborbital) Launch Sites Date of flight LEO GTO Other First Last Atlas-Able United States: General Dynamics: 28 m ~175 to TLI No 3 CCSFS: 1959 1960 Atlas-Agena United States: Convair/General Dynamics: 36 m 1,000 390 to TLI No 109 VAFB, CCSFS: 1960 1978 Atlas-Centaur United States: Lockheed: 36.2-38.8 m 1,134 [138] 2,222 [139] No 148: CCSFS ...
An orbital spaceflight (or orbital flight) is a spaceflight in which a spacecraft is placed on a trajectory where it could remain in space for at least one orbit. To do this around the Earth , it must be on a free trajectory which has an altitude at perigee (altitude at closest approach) around 80 kilometers (50 mi); this is the boundary of ...
In essence, a mass driver is a very long and mainly horizontally aligned launch track or tunnel for accelerating payloads to orbital or suborbital velocities. The concept was proposed by Arthur C. Clarke in 1950, [ 41 ] and was developed in more detail by Gerard K. O'Neill , working with the Space Studies Institute , focusing on the use of a ...
During an interview in the documentary Black Sky: The Race For Space, Rutan stated that Tier One will cover suborbital flights, Tier Two will cover orbital flights, and Tier Three will cover flights beyond Earth's orbit (including flights to the moon and other planets). In the same documentary he displayed designs for an orbital craft based on ...
Comparison of orbital rocket engines; Comparison of orbital launch systems; Comparison of orbital launchers families; Comparison of orbital spacecraft; Comparison of space station cargo vehicles; List of space launch system designs; List of orbital launch systems
Spaceflight (or space flight) is an application of astronautics to fly objects, usually spacecraft, into or through outer space, either with or without humans on board.Most spaceflight is uncrewed and conducted mainly with spacecraft such as satellites in orbit around Earth, but also includes space probes for flights beyond Earth orbit.