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Extrapyramidal symptoms (also called extrapyramidal side effects) get their name because they are symptoms of disorders in the extrapyramidal system, which regulates posture and skeletal muscle tone. This is in contrast to symptoms originating from the pyramidal tracts. [citation needed]
In anatomy, the extrapyramidal system is a part of the motor system network causing involuntary actions. [1] The system is called extrapyramidal to distinguish it from the tracts of the motor cortex that reach their targets by traveling through the pyramids of the medulla .
Movement disorders are clinical syndromes with either an excess of movement or a paucity of voluntary and involuntary movements, unrelated to weakness or spasticity. [1] Movement disorders present with extrapyramidal symptoms and are caused by basal ganglia disease . [ 2 ]
Pages in category "Extrapyramidal and movement disorders" The following 39 pages are in this category, out of 39 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. B.
Akathisia is classified as an extrapyramidal side effect along with other movement disorders that can be caused by antipsychotics. [ 1 ] In the former Soviet Union , akathisia-inducing drugs were allegedly used as a form of torture.
Rabbit syndrome is a rare [1] form of extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic drugs in which perioral tremors occur at a rate of approximately 5 Hz. Rabbit syndrome is characterized by involuntary, fine, rhythmic motions of the mouth along a vertical plane, without involvement of the tongue, [2] [3] and resembling the chewing movements of a rabbit. [4]
Extrapyramidal syndrome (including parkinsonism, may be reversible) Brain problems due to high ammonia levels; Low body temperature; Hypersensitivity reactions including multi-organ hypersensitivity syndrome; Eosinophilic pleural effusion; Bone fractures (reduced BMD with long-term use)
The syndrome is characterized by progressive hair thinning in childhood that often progresses to alopecia, hypogonadism (which becomes evident at puberty), hypothyroidism, hearing loss, mild intellectual disability, diabetes mellitus, progressive extrapyramidal movements (dystonic spasms, dystonic posturing, dysarthria, dysphagia). [4]