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In surgical parlance, the cleavage or intermammary cleft is also known as the "medial definition" or "medial fold" of breasts. [ 15 ] [ 16 ] An imaginary line between the nipples that crosses the intermammary cleft, serving as a landmark for some CPR procedures, is known as the "intermammary line".
From the cosmetological point of view, it is an important aesthetic component of the breast which should be taken into consideration during various kinds of breast surgery. [1] [2] Histologically, the inframammary fold is an intrinsic dermal structure consisting of regular arrays of collagen held in place by a specialized superficial fascia ...
Automated whole-breast ultrasound (AWBU) is a technique that produces volumetric images of the breast and is largely independent of operator skill. It utilizes high-frequency ultrasound to help perform a diagnostic evaluation of the lactiferous ducts ( duct sonography ) [ 5 ] and make dilated ducts and intraductal masses visible.
Afterwards, the patient is laid supine, and the excess breast skin is cut; to avoid a scar at the inframammary fold, a purse-string closure gathers the excess folds of skin at the lower pole of the breast; in due course, the three joined pillars of skin will integrate to the inframammary fold. Again, the supine patient is elevated to a sitting ...
Digital mammography is a specialized form of mammography that uses digital receptors and computers instead of X-ray film to help examine breast tissue for breast cancer. [9] The electrical signals can be read on computer screens, permitting more manipulation of images to allow radiologists to view the results more clearly.
A denser breast is more likely to develop breast cancer. [19] A dense breast is characterized by a meaningful amount of fibrous tissue, relatively to the adipose one. The main constituents of a fibrous tissue are water, collagen and hemoglobin and optical mammography is able to discriminate and quantify tissues' components. [2]
Many women believe that sagging (ptosis) is caused by the failure of the Cooper's ligaments to support the breast tissue. In fact, ptosis is partly determined by genetic factors, but a review found that the biggest factors are higher body mass index, larger breast size, significant weight loss, smoking, her number of pregnancies, and her age. [6]
A review of historical literature shows that Spence himself never wrote that adipose or breast-tissue extends into the axilla. He only published that surgeons should not operate on breast cancer if they found "an undefined tail-like projection creeping up from the breast towards the axilla”, as though referring to the tumor tissue itself. [6]