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Climate risk insurance is a type of insurance designed to mitigate the financial and other risk associated with climate change, especially phenomena like extreme weather. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] [ 24 ] The insurance is often treated as a type of insurance needed for improving the climate resilience of poor and developing communities.
Climate risk management covers a broad range of potential actions, including: early-response systems, strategic diversification, dynamic resource-allocation rules, financial instruments (such as climate risk insurance), infrastructure design and capacity building.
Climate risk insurance is a type of insurance designed to mitigate the financial and other risk associated with climate change, especially phenomena like extreme weather. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The insurance is often treated as a type of insurance needed for improving the climate resilience of poor and developing communities.
The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE, Vietnamese: Bộ Tài nguyên và Môi trường) is a government ministry in Vietnam responsible for: land, water resources; mineral resources, geology; environment; hydrometeorology; climate change; surveying and mapping; management of the islands and the sea.
The main contributor to the country's emissions is fossil fuel combustion, which accounted for about 60% of greenhouse gas emissions in 2014. [3] As of 2018, the electricity sector accounted for 48% of Vietnam's CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion, industry for 28%, transport 16%, the residential sector 4%, the commercial sector 3%, and agriculture 1%. [3]
Climate change can also be used more broadly to include changes to the climate that have happened throughout Earth's history. [32] Global warming—used as early as 1975 [33] —became the more popular term after NASA climate scientist James Hansen used it in his 1988 testimony in the U.S. Senate. [34] Since the 2000s, climate change has ...
Climate change vulnerability is defined as the "propensity or predisposition to be adversely affected" by climate change. It can apply to humans but also to natural systems , and both are interdependent. [1]: 12 Vulnerability is a component of climate risk. Vulnerability will be higher if the capacity to cope and adapt is low.
Environmental issues relating to free trade: Vietnam is committed to multilateral environmental agreements, including those on climate change and biodiversity, [40] including the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement and Investment Protection Agreement. To comply with these commitments, Vietnam would need strengthen regulations and enforcement on the ...