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An excircle or escribed circle [2] of the triangle is a circle lying outside the triangle, tangent to one of its sides and tangent to the extensions of the other two. Every triangle has three distinct excircles, each tangent to one of the triangle's sides.
In geometry, Euler's theorem states that the distance d between the circumcenter and incenter of a triangle is given by [1] [2] = or equivalently + + =, where and denote the circumradius and inradius respectively (the radii of the circumscribed circle and inscribed circle respectively).
Malfatti's assumption that the two problems are equivalent is incorrect. Lob and Richmond (), who went back to the original Italian text, observed that for some triangles a larger area can be achieved by a greedy algorithm that inscribes a single circle of maximal radius within the triangle, inscribes a second circle within one of the three remaining corners of the triangle, the one with the ...
The nine-point circle is another circle defined from a triangle. It is so called because it passes through nine significant points of the triangle, among which the simplest to construct are the midpoints of the triangle's sides. The nine-point circle passes through these three midpoints; thus, it is the circumcircle of the medial triangle.
The center of all rectangular hyperbolas that pass through the vertices of a triangle lies on its nine-point circle. Examples include the well-known rectangular hyperbolas of Keipert, JeÅ™ábek and Feuerbach. This fact is known as the Feuerbach conic theorem. The nine point circle and the 16 tangent circles of the orthocentric system
where a is the radius of the circle, (,) are the polar coordinates of a generic point on the circle, and (,) are the polar coordinates of the centre of the circle (i.e., r 0 is the distance from the origin to the centre of the circle, and φ is the anticlockwise angle from the positive x axis to the line connecting the origin to the centre of ...
The incenter may be equivalently defined as the point where the internal angle bisectors of the triangle cross, as the point equidistant from the triangle's sides, as the junction point of the medial axis and innermost point of the grassfire transform of the triangle, and as the center point of the inscribed circle of the triangle.
The red curve is a hypotrochoid drawn as the smaller black circle rolls around inside the larger blue circle (parameters are R = 5, r = 3, d = 5).. In geometry, a hypotrochoid is a roulette traced by a point attached to a circle of radius r rolling around the inside of a fixed circle of radius R, where the point is a distance d from the center of the interior circle.