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The earliest recorded definition of the term was published in Robert Jay Lifton's book Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism in 1961 wherein he was describing the structure of language used by the Chinese Communist Party, defining the term as "the start and finish of any ideological analysis".
Elder's work has focused primary on the barriers to critical thinking development, closely to egocentric and sociocentric thought. [9] She had explained ethnocentricity as a form of sociocentricity, since, on her view, sociocentrism refers to all forms of group pathologies in thought, and therefore goes beyond those pathologies that arise out of ethnicity. [10]
They also seemed to lack barriers between their own identity and those of others, or between their own beliefs and unconventional ideas. [4] Hartmann proposed that such people have "thin" boundaries between their mental processes and argued that thinness or thickness of boundaries was "a broad dimension of personality and an aspect of the ...
It should only contain pages that are Barriers to critical thinking or lists of Barriers to critical thinking, as well as subcategories containing those things (themselves set categories). Topics about Barriers to critical thinking in general should be placed in relevant topic categories .
Peter Singer is one of the prominent philosophers of effective altruism.. In the philosophy of effective altruism, an altruistic act such as charitable giving is considered more effective, or cost-effective, if it uses a set of resources to do more good per unit of resource than other options, with the goal of trying to do the most good. [1]
Critical thinking is the process of analyzing available facts, evidence, observations, and arguments to make sound conclusions or informed choices. It involves recognizing underlying assumptions, providing justifications for ideas and actions, evaluating these justifications through comparisons with varying perspectives, and assessing their rationality and potential consequences. [1]
Seddon has published seven books. In his 2008 book, Systems Thinking in the Public Sector, he criticized the UK Government reform programme. He advocated its replacement by systems thinking. [4] His book The Whitehall Effect was published on 5 November 2014. In it he articulates a more productive role for government in public-sector reform. [5]
A diagram showing Beck's cognitive triad. Beck's cognitive triad, also known as the negative triad, [1] [2] is a cognitive-therapeutic view of the three key elements of a person's belief system present in depression.