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With NAT tested blood, these patients live longer and maintain their quality of life. [4] The blood centre is designed to expand in a modular manner to accommodate 150,000 units of blood per annum. About 125,000 blood and blood components are distributed annually. The centre launched its Thalassemia Eradication Program in January 2009. [5] [6]
Therefore, most transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients can be diagnosed within the first few years of life, which severe anemia, differed growth, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly can be observed. Parameters for confirmation includes baseline hemoglobin level <7g/dL, enlargement of liver and spleen (>5 cm) and height in the first 10th percentile.
β thalassemia major (Mediterranean anemia or Cooley anemia) is caused by a β o /β o genotype. No functional β chains are produced, and thus no hemoglobin A can be assembled. This is the most severe form of β-thalassemia. β thalassemia intermedia is caused by a β + /β o or β + /β + genotype. In this form, some hemoglobin A is produced.
The 5-year observed survival rate refers to the percentage of patients who live at least five years after being diagnosed with cancer. Many of these patients live much longer than five years after diagnosis. 5-year survival rate is measured from the time of diagnosis, it is not the same as Life expectancy.
Mild thalassemia : patients with thalassemia traits do not require medical or follow-up care after the initial diagnosis is made. [2] Patients with β-thalassemia trait should be warned that their condition can be misdiagnosed for the common Iron deficiency anemia .
For management decisions and clinical trial eligibility, the categories of transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) are used. Patients are usually considered as having NTDT if they have received fewer than 6 red blood cell units in the past 6 months and none in the preceding 2 months. [18]
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Some examples of clinically significant combinations involving beta thalassemia include: Hemoglobin C/ beta thalassemia: common in Mediterranean and African populations generally results in a moderate form of anemia with splenomegaly. [32] Hemoglobin D/ beta thalassemia: common in the northwestern parts of India and Pakistan (Punjab region). [33]