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Manganese dioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula MnO 2 . This blackish or brown solid occurs naturally as the mineral pyrolusite , which is the main ore of manganese and a component of manganese nodules .
Manganese oxide is any of a variety of manganese oxides and hydroxides. [1] These include Manganese(II) oxide, MnO; Manganese(II,III) oxide, Mn 3 O 4; Manganese(III) oxide, Mn 2 O 3; Manganese dioxide, MnO 2; Manganese(VI) oxide, MnO 3; Manganese(VII) oxide, Mn 2 O 7; Other manganese oxides include Mn 5 O 8, Mn 7 O 12 and Mn 7 O 13.
Pyrolusite is a mineral consisting essentially of manganese dioxide (Mn O 2) and is important as an ore of manganese. [7] It is a black, amorphous appearing mineral, often with a granular, fibrous, or columnar structure, sometimes forming reniform crusts. It has a metallic luster, a black or bluish-black streak, and readily soils the fingers.
Although most compounds are referred to by their IUPAC systematic names ... Manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide) – MnO 2; Manganese(II,III) oxide – Mn 3 O 4;
Manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide, MnO 2) is used as a reagent in organic chemistry for the oxidation of benzylic alcohols (where the hydroxyl group is adjacent to an aromatic ring). Manganese dioxide has been used since antiquity to oxidize and neutralize the greenish tinge in glass from trace amounts of iron contamination. [ 45 ]
The chemical formula for Ramsdellite is MnO 2. The empirical formula is Mn 4+ O 2. [3] Ramsdellite has the same chemistry as the more common pyrolusite, but is orthorhombic where pyrolusite is tetragonal. [2] Ramsdellite belongs to the Orthorhombic crystal system and Dipyramidal crystal class. [5] Properties: [6]
Manganese(II) oxide is an inorganic compound with chemical formula MnO. [2] It forms green crystals. The compound is produced on a large scale as a component of fertilizers and food additives .
Manganese dioxide, which is abundant in nature, has long been used as a pigment. The cave paintings in Gargas that are 30,000 to 24,000 years old are made from the mineral form of MnO 2 pigments. [53] Manganese compounds were used by Egyptian and Roman glassmakers, either to add to, or remove, color from glass. [54]