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The first human in space and Earth orbit returned to Earth via a parachute after ejecting at an altitude of 7 kilometres (23,000 ft). [54] Gagarin was followed by additional Vostok flights, culminating with 81 orbits completed by Vostok 5 [ 55 ] and the launch of Valentina Tereshkova as the first woman cosmonaut in space aboard Vostok 6 .
The oldest human skeletal remains are the 40ky old Lake Mungo remains in New South Wales, but human ornaments discovered at Devil's Lair in Western Australia have been dated to 48 kya and artifacts at Madjedbebe in Northern Territory are dated to at least 50 kya, and to 62.1 ± 2.9 ka in one 2017 study. [26] [27] [28] [29]
Human history is the record of humankind from prehistory to the present. Modern humans evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and initially lived as hunter-gatherers.They migrated out of Africa during the Last Ice Age and had spread across Earth's continental land except Antarctica by the end of the Ice Age 12,000 years ago.
The discovery of human antiquity was a major achievement of science in the middle of the 19th century, and the foundation of scientific paleoanthropology.The antiquity of man, human antiquity, or in simpler language the age of the human race, are names given to the series of scientific debates it involved, which with modifications continue in the 21st century.
First to describe the methodology of human gait (walking). Bioelectromagnetics: Luigi Galvani (1737–1798) First to discover animal electricity through a series of experiments in 1780. Cardiovascular physiology: Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288) Father of circulatory and cardiovascular physiology. [88] [89] [90] Cognitive therapy: Aaron T. Beck (1921 ...
[12] [15] [16] [189] The Scientific Revolution is a convenient boundary between ancient thought and classical physics, and is traditionally held to have begun in 1543, when the books De humani corporis fabrica (On the Workings of the Human Body) by Andreas Vesalius, and also De Revolutionibus, by the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus, were first ...
The first seaborne human migrations were by the Austronesian peoples [dubious – discuss] originating from Taiwan known as the "Austronesian expansion". [146] Using advanced sailing technologies like catamarans , outrigger boats , and crab claw sails , they built the first sea-going ships and rapidly colonized Island Southeast Asia at around ...
Nikolay Popov (1931–2008), Russia – first fully gas turbine main battle tank ; Josef Popper (1838–1921), Austria – discovered the transmission of power by electricity. Aleksandr Porokhovschikov (1892–1941), Russia – Vezdekhod (the first prototype tank, or tankette, and the first caterpillar amphibious ATV)