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“All human actions have one or more of these seven causes: chance, nature, compulsion, habit, reason, passion, and desire.” Related: 75 of the Best Nietzsche Quotes on Life, Success and More 32.
And now these three remain: faith, hope, and love. But the greatest of these is love. Because of this reference, a group of seven virtues is sometimes listed by adding the four cardinal virtues (prudence, temperance, fortitude, justice) and three theological virtues (faith, hope, charity).
In Aristotle's work, phronesis is the intellectual virtue that helps turn one's moral instincts into practical action. [ 4 ] [ 10 ] He writes that moral virtues help any person to achieve the end, and that phronesis is what it takes to discover the means to gain that end. [ 4 ]
Aristotle also claims that the right course of action depends upon the details of a particular situation, rather than being generated merely by applying a law. The type of wisdom which is required for this is called "prudence" or "practical wisdom" (Greek phronesis), as opposed to the wisdom of a theoretical philosopher (Greek sophia).
Aristotle notes that the term courage is sometimes misapplied to five other types of character: [1]: III.8 (1116a–1117a) Hektor, the Trojan hero. Aristotle questions his courage. Citizen-soldiers who display a quasi-courage that is motivated by penalties for disobedience, by hope of honors, or by fear of shame when caught acting cowardly. [49]
Aristotle analyzed the golden mean in the Nicomachean Ethics Book II: That virtues of character can be described as means. It was subsequently emphasized in Aristotelian virtue ethics. [1] For example, in the Aristotelian view, courage is a virtue, but if taken to excess would manifest as recklessness, and, in deficiency, cowardice. The middle ...
The theological virtues are those named by Paul the Apostle in 1 Corinthians 13: "And now faith, hope, and love abide, these three; and the greatest of these is love." [ 5 ] The third virtue is also commonly referred to as "charity", as this is how the influential King James Bible translated the Greek word agape .
These 75 famous and popular quotes by Epictetus continue to spark conversation among today’s students and followers of Stoic philosophy, as well as regular folks who just want some inspiration ...