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If facial paralysis is caused by trauma or tumour surgery, direct reinnervation of the facial muscles (ideally within 72 hours after facial nerve damage) can be achieved by neurorrhaphy, with or without an interposition nerve graft. (Algorithm 1) [7] Neurorrhaphy is a primary end-to-end reconnection of the facial nerve stumps. [8]
Bilateral facial nerve paralysis may occur in Guillain–Barré syndrome, an autoimmune condition of the peripheral nervous system. [6] Moebius syndrome is a bilateral facial paralysis resulting from the underdevelopment of the VII cranial nerve (facial nerve), which is present at birth. The VI cranial nerve, which controls lateral eye movement ...
There are three main patterns of facial nerve compression. The type of injury also gives an idea about the prognosis. Neuropraxia: no wallerian degeneration and complete and rapid recovery of function. Axonotmesis: wallerian degeneration and necrosis of the distal segment (death of the part of the nerve after the compression). Recovery is not ...
It passes anterior-ward deep to the platysma and depressor anguli oris muscles. It provides motor innervation to muscles of the lower lip and chin: the depressor labii inferioris muscle, depressor anguli oris muscle, and mentalis muscle. [1] It communicates with the mental branch of the inferior alveolar nerve. [citation needed]
An inability to form facial expressions on one side of the face may be the first sign of damage to the nerve of these muscles. Damage to the facial nerve results in facial paralysis of the muscles of facial expression on the involved side. Paralysis is the loss of voluntary muscle action; the facial nerve has become damaged permanently or ...
"Patients may experience temporary discomfort and pain during the procedure, as well as swelling, redness, or bruising in the treated area. Rarely, facial nerve damage or temporary numbness or ...
Denervation may be the result of nerve injury. The three main types of nerve injury are neurapraxia, axonotmesis and neurotmesis. These three types distinguish between the severity of the nerve damage and the potential for recovery after the damage. After an injury in which some nerves are damaged, the brain has shown capabilities in rewiring ...
This condition is often the result of damage of the upper motor neurons of the facial nerve. The facial motor nucleus contains ventral and dorsal areas that have lower motor neurons that supply the upper and lower face muscles. When central facial palsy occurs, there are lesions in the corticobulbar tract between the cerebral cortex.