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It was approved by the FDA in April 2000, and became available in the United States of America two months later under the brand name Septocaine, an anesthetic/vasoconstrictor combination with Epinephrine 1:100,000 (trade name Septodont). Zorcaine became available there a few years later, also.
Other local anesthetic agents in current use include articaine (also called septocaine or Ubistesin), bupivacaine (a long-acting anesthetic), prilocaine (also called Citanest), and mepivacaine (also called Carbocaine or Polocaine). Different types of local anaesthetic drugs vary in their potency and duration of action.
Absolute contraindications for the use of lidocaine include: Heart block, second or third degree (without pacemaker) Severe sinoatrial block (without pacemaker) Serious adverse drug reaction to lidocaine or amide local anesthetics; Hypersensitivity to corn and corn-related products (corn-derived dextrose is used in the mixed injections)
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
Benzocaine, sold under the brand name Orajel amongst others, is a local anesthetic, belonging to the amino ester drug class, commonly used as a topical painkiller or in cough drops.
The effects are varied depending on the particular drug given. When anesthetists administer standard doses of these anesthetic drugs to a person with pseudocholinesterase deficiency, the patient experiences prolonged paralysis of the respiratory muscles, requiring an extended period of time during which the patient must be mechanically ventilated.
Mucoactive agents—expectorants—include mucolytics, secretolytics and mucokinetics (also called secretomotorics) [3]. Mucolytics: thin (reduce the viscosity of) mucus [2]
Contraindications [ edit ] N 2 O should not be used in patients with bowel obstruction, pneumothorax, or middle ear or sinus disease, [ 1 ] or who have had a recent intraocular injection of gas [ 21 ] and should also not be used on any patient who has been scuba diving within the preceding 24 hours [ 22 ] or in violently disturbed psychiatric ...