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Idealized structure of lignin from a softwood. Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants. [1] Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily.
The dry matter content of lignins is the residue after drying at specified conditions. Any matter that is volatile at the drying conditions is not included in the dry matter content. The moisture content can be approximated by 100% minus the dry matter content. To determine the dry matter content, The sample is dried at a temperature of 105±2 °C.
Wood stain is a type of paint used to colour wood.It consists of colourants dissolved and/or suspended in a vehicle or solvent.Vehicle is the preferred term, as the contents of a stain may not be truly dissolved in the vehicle, but rather suspended, and thus the vehicle may not be a true solvent.
The structural polymers of hardwoods are cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. [6] The constituents of hardwood lignin differs from those included in softwood. Sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol are the main monomers of hardwood lignin. [7] Hardwoods contain less amount of non-structural constituents, named extractives, than softwoods. [8]
Lignum vitae is hard and durable, and is also the densest wood traded (average dried density: ~79 lb/ft 3 or ~1,260 kg/m 3); [4] it will easily sink in water. On the Janka scale of hardness, which measures hardness of woods, lignum vitae ranks highest of the trade woods, with a Janka hardness of 4,390 lbf (compared with Olneya at 3,260 lbf, [5] African blackwood at 2,940 lbf, hickory at 1,820 ...
The Kappa number estimates the amount of chemicals required during bleaching of wood pulp to obtain a pulp with a given degree of whiteness. Since the amount of bleach needed is related to the lignin content of the pulp, the Kappa number can be used to monitor the effectiveness of the lignin-extraction phase of the pulping process.
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