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The thiazides and potassium-sparing diuretics are considered to be calcium-sparing diuretics. [6] The thiazides cause a net decrease in calcium lost in urine. [7] The potassium-sparing diuretics cause a net increase in calcium lost in urine, but the increase is much smaller than the increase associated with other diuretic classes. [7]
Potassium-sparing diuretics or antikaliuretics [1] refer to drugs that cause diuresis without causing potassium loss in the urine. [2] They are typically used as an adjunct in management of hypertension , cirrhosis , and congestive heart failure . [ 3 ]
Hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hydrodiuril among others, is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and swelling due to fluid build-up. [4] Other uses include treating diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis and to decrease the risk of kidney stones in those with a high calcium level in the urine. [4]
Chlortalidone is considered a first-line medication for treatment of high blood pressure. [2] Some recommend chlortalidone over hydrochlorothiazide. [1] [15] A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that chlortalidone is more effective than hydrochlorothiazide for lowering blood pressure, while the two drugs have similar toxicity.
The tendency, as for all loop diuretics, to cause low serum potassium concentration (hypokalemia) has given rise to combination products, either with potassium or with the potassium-sparing diuretic amiloride (Co-amilofruse). Other electrolyte abnormalities that can result from furosemide use include hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypomagnesemia ...
[2] [3] Other serious side effects may include high blood potassium. [2] [3] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not generally recommended. [2] [3] Use in those with significant kidney problems is not recommended. [2] [3] It decreases blood pressure mainly by hydrochlorothiazide while triamterene decreases the amount of potassium lost. [2] [3]
Morton kosher salt is relatively coarse, and is made by rolling cubes into flakes that have a distinctly square-ish shape. Produced since 1886 in St. Clair, Michigan, Diamond Crystal Kosher Salt ...
Triamterene directly blocks the epithelial sodium channel [4] (ENaC) on the lumen side of the kidney collecting tubule. [5]: 127 Other diuretics cause a decrease in the sodium concentration of the forming urine due to the entry of sodium into the cell via the ENaC, and the concomitant exit of potassium from the principal cell into the forming urine.