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Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville ([e.dwaʁ.le.ɔ̃ skɔt də maʁ.tɛ̃.vil]; 25 April 1817 – 26 April 1879) was a French printer, bookseller and inventor.. He invented the earliest known sound recording device, the phonautograph, which was patented in France on 25 March 1857.
The phonautograms were then digitally converted by scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, who were able to play back the recorded sounds, something Scott had never conceived of. Prior to this point, the earliest known record of a human voice was thought to be an 1877 phonograph recording by Thomas Edison.
Ring-and-spring microphones, such as this Western Electric microphone, were common during the electrical age of sound recording c. 1925–45.. The second wave of sound recording history was ushered in by the introduction of Western Electric's integrated system of electrical microphones, electronic signal amplifiers and electromechanical recorders, which was adopted by major US record labels in ...
Through experimentation, in 1892 Berliner began commercial production of his disc records and "gramophones". His "phonograph record" was the first disc record to be offered to the public. They were five inches (13 cm) in diameter and recorded on one side only.
Three vinyl records of different formats, from left to right: a 12 inch LP, a 10 inch LP, a 7 inch single. A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English) or a vinyl record (for later varieties only) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.
Emile Berliner (May 20, 1851 – August 3, 1929) originally Emil Berliner, was a German-American inventor.He is best known for inventing the lateral-cut flat disc record (called a "gramophone record" in British and American English) used with a gramophone.
The Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound is a reference work that, among other things, describes the history of sound recordings, from November 1877 when Edison developed the first model of a cylinder phonograph, and earlier, in 1857, when Léon Scott de Martinville invented the phonautograph. [1]
Berliner Gramophone – its discs identified with an etched-in "E. Berliner's Gramophone" as the logo – was the first (and for nearly ten years the only) disc record label in the world. Its records were played on Emile Berliner's invention, the Gramophone, which competed with the wax cylinder–playing phonographs that were more common in the ...