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an input stream that wraps a string stream buffer. Provides functions to access the underlying string in addition to those of generic input stream istringstream – operates on characters of type char; wistringstream – operates on characters of type wchar_t; Output streams buffers (high level functionality) basic_ostream
The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output.These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header <stdio.h>. [1] The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, [2] and officially became part of the Unix operating system in Version 7.
Streams may be used to chain applications, meaning that the output stream of one program can be redirected to be the input stream to another application. In many operating systems this is expressed by listing the application names, separated by the vertical bar character, for this reason often called the pipeline character.
Though streaming algorithms had already been studied by Munro and Paterson [1] as early as 1978, as well as Philippe Flajolet and G. Nigel Martin in 1982/83, [2] the field of streaming algorithms was first formalized and popularized in a 1996 paper by Noga Alon, Yossi Matias, and Mario Szegedy. [3]
This is a list of the instructions that make up the Java bytecode, an abstract machine language that is ultimately executed by the Java virtual machine. [1] The Java bytecode is generated from languages running on the Java Platform, most notably the Java programming language.
Protocol Buffers (Protobuf) is a free and open-source cross-platform data format used to serialize structured data. It is useful in developing programs that communicate with each other over a network or for storing data.
The basic unit of digital storage is a bit, storing a single 0 or 1.Many common instruction set architectures can address more than 8 bits of data at a time. For example, 32-bit x86 processors have 32-bit general-purpose registers and can handle 32-bit (4-byte) data in single instructions.
Fetching the instruction opcodes from program memory well in advance is known as prefetching and it is served by using a prefetch input queue (PIQ). The pre-fetched instructions are stored in a queue.