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Glutamate synthase (also known as Glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase) is an enzyme and frequently abbreviated as GOGAT. This enzyme manufactures glutamate from glutamine and α-ketoglutarate , and thus along with glutamine synthetase (abbreviated GS) plays a central role in the regulation of nitrogen assimilation in photosynthetic ...
Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E; [4] the anionic form is known as glutamate) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins.It is a non-essential nutrient for humans, meaning that the human body can synthesize enough for its use.
Transamination is a chemical reaction that transfers an amino group to a ketoacid to form new amino acids.This pathway is responsible for the deamination of most amino acids. This is one of the major degradation pathways which convert essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids (amino acids that can be synthesized de novo by the organism).
The following table illustrates the glutamate content of some selected common foods. Free glutamate is the form directly tasted and absorbed whereas glutamate bound in protein is not available until further breakdown by digestion or cooking. In general, vegetables contain more free glutamate but less protein-bound glutamate. [15] [16]
These processes are common in plant roots due to the fact that if the nitrogen deficient conditions exist (with access to ammonium and nitrate ions), there will be a first priority of ammonium uptake. [1] Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-glutamate and NAD +, whereas its 4 products are L-glutamine, 2-oxoglutarate, NADH, and H +.
In enzymology, a glutamate synthase (NADPH) (EC 1.4.1.13) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + NADPH + H + 2 L-glutamate + NADP + Thus, the four substrates of this enzyme are L-glutamine, 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate), NADPH, and H +, whereas the two products are L-glutamate and NADP +.
Hydrolysis of the amino group of glutamine yielding glutamate and ammonium. Catalyzing enzyme: glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) 2. Glutamate can be excreted or can be further metabolized to α-ketoglutarate. For the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate three different reactions are possible: Catalyzing enzymes: glutamate dehydrogenase (GlDH), EC ...
Glutamate racemase is a bacterial enzyme that is encoded by the murI gene. This enzyme is most commonly known as being responsible for the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Through experimentation it was found that this enzyme is able to construct these cell walls by synthesizing D-glutamate from L-glutamate through racemization. [4]