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Millipedes (originating from the Latin mille, "thousand", and pes, "foot") [1] [2] are a group of arthropods that are characterised by having two pairs of jointed legs on most body segments; they are known scientifically as the class Diplopoda, the name derived from this feature. Each double-legged segment is a result of two single segments ...
Millipedes form the class Diplopoda. Most millipedes are slower than centipedes, and feed on leaf litter and detritus . Except for the first segment called collum, which don't have any appendages, and the next three segments with a single pair of legs each, they are distinguished by the fusion of each pair of body segments into a single unit ...
Millipedes, myriapods of the class Diplopoda, contain approximately 12,000 described species organized into 16 extant orders and approximately 140 families. This list is based on Shear, 2011, [1] sorted alphabetically by order and taxonomically within order. Note: The names of millipede orders end in "-ida"; suborders end in "-idea".
Polydesmida (from the Greek poly "many" and desmos "bond") is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, [2] [3] including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN). [4]
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Other characteristics frequently seen in diplopodia mutants are shortened wings and legs, [5] [16] short upper beak, [2] [5] [16] and smaller embryo size. [ 5 ] [ 14 ] Many embryos reach the final embryonic stage but then are unable to hatch, [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 16 ] though, diplopod embryos can occasionally hatch and mature.
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Julidae is a family of millipedes in the order Julida, containing more than 600 species in around 20 genera. [2] Its members are largely confined to the Western Palaearctic, with only a few species extending into the Oriental and Afrotropical realms. [2]