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  2. Hydroxyapatite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyapatite

    Hydroxyapatite (IMA name: hydroxylapatite [5]) (Hap, HAp, or HA) is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca 5 (PO 4) 3 (OH), often written Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2 to denote that the crystal unit cell comprises two entities. [6] It is the hydroxyl endmember of the complex apatite group.

  3. Chemical process of decomposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_process_of...

    The human body is composed of approximately: 64% water, 20% protein, 10% fat, 1% carbohydrate, 5% minerals. [1] The decomposition of soft tissue is characterized by the breakdown of these macromolecules, and thus a large proportion of the decomposition products should reflect the amount of protein and fat content initially present in the body. [4]

  4. Composition of the human body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition_of_the_human_body

    This can be done in terms of the chemical elements present, or by molecular structure e.g., water, protein, fats (or lipids), hydroxyapatite (in bones), carbohydrates (such as glycogen and glucose) and DNA. In terms of tissue type, the body may be analyzed into water, fat, connective tissue, muscle, bone, etc.

  5. Bioactive glass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioactive_glass

    The bacterial growth inhibiting properties of S53P4 derive from two simultaneous chemical and physical processes, which occurs once the bioactive glass reacts with body fluids. Sodium (Na) is released from the surface of the bioactive glass and induces an increase in pH (alkaline environment), which is not favorable for the bacteria, thus ...

  6. Bioglass 45S5 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioglass_45S5

    The reaction with surrounding physiological fluid at the surface of Bioglass is shown in first two steps, and the formation of new bone is shown in the last two stages. When implanted, Bioglass 45S5 reacts with the surrounding physiological fluid, causing the formation of a hydroxyl carbonated apatite (HCA) layer at the material surface.

  7. Biomineralization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomineralization

    The most common biogenic phosphate is hydroxyapatite (HA), a calcium phosphate (Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2) and a naturally occurring form of apatite. It is a primary constituent of bone, teeth, and fish scales. [33] Bone is made primarily of HA crystals interspersed in a collagen matrix—65 to 70% of the mass of bone is HA.

  8. Remineralisation of teeth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remineralisation_of_teeth

    P11-4 is a self-assembling β-peptide. It builds a 3-D bio-matrix with binding sites for Calcium-ions serving as nucleation point for hydroxyapatite (tooth mineral) formation. The high affinity to tooth mineral is based on matching distances of Ca-ion binding sites on P11-4 and Ca spacing in the crystal lattice of hydroxyapatite.

  9. Bioceramic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioceramic

    Two methods of treatment have been proposed: hyperthermia and radiotherapy. Hyperthermia treatment involves implanting a bioceramic material that contains a ferrite or other magnetic material. [ 15 ] The area is then exposed to an alternating magnetic field, which causes the implant and surrounding area to heat up.