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They were first observed in 1859 by German physicist Julius Plücker and Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, [1] and were named in 1876 by Eugen Goldstein Kathodenstrahlen, or cathode rays. [2] [3] In 1897, British physicist J. J. Thomson showed that cathode rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the ...
The cathode-ray tube by which J. J. Thomson demonstrated that cathode rays could be deflected by a magnetic field, and that their negative charge was not a separate phenomenon While supporters of the aetherial theory accepted the possibility that negatively charged particles are produced in Crookes tubes , [ citation needed ] they believed that ...
In 1896, Henri Becquerel discovered radioactive decay in a variety of chemical elements. Subsequently, the beta radiation from these decays was discovered to be the emission of a negatively charged particle. Later these particles were identified with the electron, discovered in cathode ray experiments by J. J. Thomson in 1897.
1897: J.J. Thomson discovers the electron in cathode rays; 1898: Martinus Beijerinck: concluded that a virus is infectious—replicating in the host—and thus not a mere toxin, and gave it the name "virus" 1898: J.J. Thomson proposed the plum pudding model of an atom; 1898: Marie Curie discovered radium and polonium
Cathode rays were difficult to study using this arrangement, because they were inside sealed glass tubes, difficult to access, and because the rays were in the presence of air molecules. Lenard overcame these problems by devising a method of making small metallic windows in the glass that were thick enough to be able to withstand the pressure ...
Later, in 1869, Johann Wilhelm Hittorf studied discharge tubes with energy rays extending from a negative electrode, the cathode. These rays produced a fluorescence when they hit a tube's glass walls, and when interrupted by a solid object they cast a shadow. Canal rays, also called anode rays, were observed by Eugen Goldstein, in 1886.
Julius Plücker (16 June 1801 – 22 May 1868) was a German mathematician and physicist.He made fundamental contributions to the field of analytical geometry and was a pioneer in the investigations of cathode rays that led eventually to the discovery of the electron.
magneto-optics, cathode rays and uranium (presided by Henri Becquerel); [3] cosmic physics (presided by Éleuthère Mascart); [3] and; biological physics (presided by Pierre-Marie Augustin Charpentier). [3] [a] At the time physics was considered to be one of the only academic topics not to have participated in large international conferences. [2]