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  2. Cell cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_cycle

    The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four distinct phases: G 1 phase, S phase (synthesis), G 2 phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis). M phase is itself composed of two tightly coupled processes: mitosis, in which the cell's nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, in which the cell's cytoplasm and cell membrane divides forming two daughter cells.

  3. Cell (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

    The cell on the left is going through mitosis and its chromosomes have condensed. Cell nucleus: A cell's information center, the cell nucleus is the most conspicuous organelle found in a eukaryotic cell. It houses the cell's chromosomes, and is the place where almost all DNA replication and RNA synthesis (transcription) occur.

  4. Cellular compartment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_compartment

    Cellular compartments in cell biology comprise all of the closed parts within the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell, usually surrounded by a single or double lipid layer membrane. These compartments are often, but not always, defined as membrane-bound organelles. The formation of cellular compartments is called compartmentalization.

  5. Cleavage furrow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_furrow

    In plant cells, Golgi vesicle secretions form a cell plate or septum on the equatorial plane of the cell wall by the action of microtubules of the phragmoplast. [2] The cleavage furrow in animal cells and the phragmoplast in plant cells are complex structures made up of microtubules and microfilaments that aide in the final separation of the ...

  6. Pore-forming toxin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pore-forming_toxin

    When the pore is formed, the tight regulation of what can and cannot enter/leave a cell is disrupted. Ions and small molecules, such as amino acids and nucleotides within the cell, flow out, and water from the surrounding tissue enters. The loss of important small molecules to the cell can disrupt protein synthesis and other crucial cellular ...

  7. Karyolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karyolysis

    Karyolysis is the culminating step in the process of necrosis. Necrosis is a form of cellular injury in which living tissue experiences irreversible damage through premature cell death. While both are forms of cell death, necrosis differs from apoptosis as an external factor triggers necrosis rather than it being a controlled and planned process.

  8. Koilocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koilocyte

    ThinPrep pap smear with group of normal cervical cells on left and HPV-infected cells showing features typical of koilocytes: enlarged (x2 or x3) nuclei and hyperchromasia. A koilocyte is a squamous epithelial cell that has undergone a number of structural changes, which occur as a result of infection of the cell by human papillomavirus (HPV). [1]

  9. Cilium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilium

    The cluster of cells secretes different factors which form an extracellular matrix. Cilia in the respiratory system is known to move mucus and pathogens out of the airways. It has been found that patients with biofilm positive infections have impaired cilia function.