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Chloroplasts (green discs) and accumulated starch granules in cells of Bryum capillare. Botanically, mosses are non-vascular plants in the land plant division Bryophyta. They are usually small (a few centimeters tall) herbaceous (non-woody) plants that absorb water and nutrients mainly through their leaves and harvest carbon dioxide and sunlight to create food by photosynthesis.
Moss spores germinate to form an alga-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile gametophyte . While the protonema is growing by apical cell division, at some stage, under the influence of the phytohormone cytokinin , buds are induced which grow by three-faced apical cells.
Bryum species generally have shorter laminal cells with short, thick, and rounded stems. [3] All Bryum species exhibit narrowed cells at the margins. Bryum species can be identified through patterns of asexual reproduction , coloration features of the stem and leaf base, and the strength of the leaf border.
An example of moss (Bryophyta) on the forest floor in Broken Bow, Oklahoma. Bryophytes (/ ˈ b r aɪ. ə ˌ f aɪ t s /) [2] are a group of land plants (embryophytes), sometimes treated as a taxonomic division, that contains three groups of non-vascular land plants: the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. [3]
The costa extends beyond the middle of the leaf. In damp, undisturbed locations, the branches may also form a more horizontal growth habit. The upper cells of the leaf surface are elongated rhomboid shaped. The capsule of the sporophyte is short cylindrical, appears broader at the base and is dark red to black colored. [2]
Polytrichum commune (also known as common haircap, [2] great golden maidenhair, [2] great goldilocks, [2] common haircap moss, or common hair moss) is a species of moss found in many regions with high humidity and rainfall. The species can be exceptionally tall for a moss with stems often exceeding 30 cm (12 in) and rarely reaching 70 cm (27.5 ...
A leptoid is a type of elongated food-conducting cell like phloem in the stems of some mosses, such as the family Polytrichaceae. [1] They surround strands of water-conducting hydroids. They have some structural and developmental similarities to the sieve elements of seedless vascular plants. At maturity they have inclined end cell walls with ...
Gametophyte (leafy vegetation) and sporophyte (upright stalks) generations of Plagiomnium cuspidatum. Plagiomnium cuspidatum, also known as toothed or “baby-tooth” plagiomnium moss and woodsy thyme-moss, is a species of thyme-moss that originated in North America, but can now also be found throughout Middle America, Africa, Northern and Southern Asia (excluding China), and Europe.