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Target hardening, also referred to simply as hardening when made clear by the context, is a term used by police officers, those working in security, and the military referring to the strengthening of the security of a building or installation in order to protect it in the event of attack or reduce the risk of theft.
Territorial reinforcement promotes social control through a variety of measures. Image/maintenance and activity support provide the community with reassurance and the ability to inhibit crime through citizen activities. Target hardening strategies work within CPTED, delaying entry sufficiently to ensure a certainty of capture in the criminal mind.
The theory developed in the early 1970s, and he wrote his first book on the topic, Defensible Space, in 1972. The book contains a study from New York that pointed out that higher crime rate existed in high-rise housing projects than in low-rise complexes. This, he concluded, was because residents felt no control or personal responsibility for ...
The television is the target and the owner's absence indicates the absence of a capable guardian, thereby making the crime more likely according to the theory. [8] A suitable target is any type of individual or property that the motivated offender can damage or threaten in the easiest way possible. [ 2 ]
Property crime rates in the United States, 1986-2005 (source: FBI UCR data, which only shows reported crime) In 2004, 12% of households in the United States experienced some type of property crime, with theft being the most common. [19] The percentage of U.S. households that experienced property crime dropped from 21% in 1994 to 12% in 2004. [19]
Whatever the target of terrorists, there are multiple ways of hardening the targets to prevent the terrorists from hitting their mark, or reducing the damage of attacks. One method is to place hostile vehicle mitigation to enforce protective standoff distance outside tall or politically sensitive buildings to prevent car bombings. Another way ...
Bolts installed on the front steps of a building to discourage sitting and sleeping. Hostile architecture, also known as defensive architecture, hostile design, unpleasant design, exclusionary design, anti-homeless architecture, or defensive urban design, is an urban-design strategy that uses elements of the built environment to purposefully guide behavior.
No single qualification exists to become a security engineer. However, an undergraduate and/or graduate degree, often in computer science, computer engineering, or physical protection focused degrees such as Security Science, in combination with practical work experience (systems, network engineering, software development, physical protection system modelling etc.) most qualifies an individual ...