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The cocoa bean, also known as cocoa (/ ˈ k oʊ. k oʊ /) or cacao (/ k ə ˈ k aʊ /), [1] is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, the cacao tree, from which cocoa solids (a mixture of nonfat substances) and cocoa butter (the fat) can be extracted.
Moniliophthora perniciosa (previously Crinipellis perniciosa) [1] is a fungus that causes "witches' broom disease" (WBD) of the cocoa tree T. cacao. [2] This pathogen is currently limited to South America, Panama and the Caribbean, and is perhaps one of the best-known cocoa diseases, thought to have co-evolved with cocoa in its centre of origin (first recorded in the Brazilian Amazon in 1785).
Roasting is a process of heating a sulfide ore to a high temperature in the presence of air. It is a step in the processing of certain ores . More specifically, roasting is often a metallurgical process involving gas–solid reactions at elevated temperatures with the goal of purifying the metal component(s).
Theobroma cacao, a tropical evergreen tree . Cocoa bean, the seed from the tree used to make chocolate; Cacao paste, ground cacao beans.The mass is melted and separated into:
Theobroma cacao (cacao tree or cocoa tree) is a small (6–12 m (20–39 ft) tall) evergreen tree in the Malvaceae family. [1] [3] Its seeds - cocoa beans - are used to make chocolate liquor, cocoa solids, cocoa butter and chocolate. [4]
At the end of the roasting cycle, the roasted beans are dumped from the roasting chamber and are typically cooled by air or water-quenching. During the roasting process, coffee beans lose 15 to 18% of their mass due mainly to the loss of water but also to volatile compounds.
Dessert is a course that concludes a meal. The course consists of sweet foods, such as cake, biscuit, ice cream and possibly a beverage such as dessert wine and liqueur.Some cultures sweeten foods that are more commonly savory to create desserts.
Kue bolu or simply bolu is an Indonesian term that describes a wide variety of sponge cakes, tarts and cupcakes. [1] [2]Kue bolu might be steamed or baked.There are a wide variety of kue bolu, and most have a soft and fluffy texture, akin to sponge cake or chiffon cake.