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The electrostatic CGS system implicitly sets 4πε 0 = 1, as commonly found in older physics literature, where the expression of the fine-structure constant becomes =. A nondimensionalised system commonly used in high energy physics sets ε 0 = c = ħ = 1 , where the expression for the fine-structure constant becomes [ 10 ] α = e 2 4 π ...
Symbol Meaning SI unit of measure magnetic vector potential: tesla meter (T⋅m) : area: square meter (m 2) : amplitude: meter: atomic mass number: unitless acceleration: meter per second squared (m/s 2)
Bernoulli's equation: p constant is the total pressure at a point on a streamline + ... P.A. Tipler, G. Mosca (2008). Physics for Scientists and Engineers: ...
But for the equations with source terms (Gauss's law and the Ampère-Maxwell equation), the Hodge dual of this 2-form is needed. The Hodge star operator takes a p-form to a (n − p)-form, where n is the number of dimensions. Here, it takes the 2-form (F) and gives another 2-form (in four dimensions, n − p = 4 − 2 = 2).
In physics, there are equations in every field to relate physical quantities to each other and perform calculations. Entire handbooks of equations can only summarize most of the full subject, else are highly specialized within a certain field. Physics is derived of formulae only.
Particle Physics (3rd ed.). Manchester Physics Series, John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-03294-7. D. McMahon (2008). Quantum Field Theory. Mc Graw Hill (USA). ISBN 978-0-07-154382-8. P.M. Whelan, M.J. Hodgeson (1978). Essential Principles of Physics (2nd ed.). John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-3382-1. G. Woan (2010). The Cambridge Handbook of Physics ...
p →: Product of an object's mass and velocity kg⋅m/s L M T −1: vector, extensive Pop: p →: Rate of change of crackle per unit time: the sixth time derivative of position m/s 6: L T −6: vector Pressure gradient: Pressure per unit distance pascal/m L −2 M 1 T −2: vector Temperature gradient
A Magic Triangle image mnemonic - when the terms of Ohm's law are arranged in this configuration, covering the unknown gives the formula in terms of the remaining parameters. It can be adapted to similar equations e.g. F = ma, v = fλ, E = mcΔT, V = π r 2 h and τ = rF sinθ.