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The U.S. and Russia have been the predominant producers of natural gas. [1] Russian natural gas production (red) and exports (black), 1993–2011 [needs update]. In 2021 Russia was the world's second-largest producer of natural gas, producing an estimated 701 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas a year, and the world's largest natural gas exporter, shipping an estimated 250 bcm a year. [2]
Country Analysis: Russia's Oil and Natural Gas. "Major Russian Companies: Some Details" (1995–1996), Joint Project by Expert Magazine and Menatep Bank, undated. "Russia's oil renaissance", BBC, 24 June 2002. History of Oil in Russia, Sibneft, 2003. "The Oil and Gas Industry": 1999–2000 and 2000–2004, Kommersant, 23 October 2001 and 17 May ...
Russia natural gas in 2021 accounted for 45% of imports and almost 40% of European Union gas demand. [3] Share of Russia in EU and UK gas demand, 2001-21. In late 2019, Russia launched a major eastward gas export pipeline, the roughly 3,000 km-long Power of Siberia pipeline, in order to be able to send gas from far east fields directly to China.
The first plant, Sakhalin II, was completed in Russia in 2009 having utilised the skills of Shell plc, who under duress sold 50% of the project to Gazprom in 2006. Prior to 2017 Gazprom was the sole producer of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in Russia.
On 28 October 2021, natural gas prices in Europe dropped by at least 12% after Gazprom announced it would increase supplies to Europe after Russian domestic storage sites were filled on about 8 November. Norway had increased gas production and lower coal prices in China also helped lower natural gas prices. [52] [53]
The country is a principal purchaser of Russian natural gas and was mostly affected by sanctions on Russian energy in the aftermath of its invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Germany indefinitely suspended the regulatory approval for the Nord Stream 2 in March, but resisted pressures to shut down oil and natural gas trades with Russia ...
On 26 April, Russia announced it would cut off natural gas exports to Poland and Bulgaria because of their refusal to pay in rubles. On 21 May, Russia halted all of its gas exports to Finland for the same reason. [38] Natural gas prices are expected to remain extremely volatile in the current context of market uncertainty.
In 2018, Germany imported 50% to 75% of its natural gas from Russia. [28] Before 2022, the main export markets of Russian natural gas were the European Union and the CIS. Russia supplied a quarter of the EU gas consumption, mainly via transit through Ukraine (Soyuz, Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline) and Belarus (Yamal-Europe pipeline).