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Country Analysis: Russia's Oil and Natural Gas. "Major Russian Companies: Some Details" (1995–1996), Joint Project by Expert Magazine and Menatep Bank, undated. "Russia's oil renaissance", BBC, 24 June 2002. History of Oil in Russia, Sibneft, 2003. "The Oil and Gas Industry": 1999–2000 and 2000–2004, Kommersant, 23 October 2001 and 17 May ...
The U.S. and Russia have been the predominant producers of natural gas. [1] Russian natural gas production (red) and exports (black), 1993–2011 [needs update]. In 2021 Russia was the world's second-largest producer of natural gas, producing an estimated 701 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas a year, and the world's largest natural gas exporter, shipping an estimated 250 bcm a year. [2]
Russia natural gas in 2021 accounted for 45% of imports and almost 40% of European Union gas demand. [3] Share of Russia in EU and UK gas demand, 2001-21. In late 2019, Russia launched a major eastward gas export pipeline, the roughly 3,000 km-long Power of Siberia pipeline, in order to be able to send gas from far east fields directly to China.
In 2018, Germany imported 50% to 75% of its natural gas from Russia. [28] Before 2022, the main export markets of Russian natural gas were the European Union and the CIS. Russia supplied a quarter of the EU gas consumption, mainly via transit through Ukraine (Soyuz, Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline) and Belarus (Yamal-Europe pipeline).
The first plant, Sakhalin II, was completed in Russia in 2009 having utilised the skills of Shell plc, who under duress sold 50% of the project to Gazprom in 2006. Prior to 2017 Gazprom was the sole producer of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) in Russia.
The Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) is an intergovernmental organization currently comprising 19 Member Countries of the world's leading natural gas producers: Algeria, Bolivia, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Iran, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Russia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela are members and Angola, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Mozambique, Malaysia ...
Natural gas presented as an instrument of Russian state power. A number of disputes over the natural gas prices in which Russia was using pipeline shutdowns in what was described as "tool for intimidation and blackmail" [48] caused the European Union to significantly increase efforts to diversify its energy sources. [8]
The share of oil and gas in Russia's exports (about 50%) and federal budget revenues (about 50%) is large, and the dynamics of Russia's GDP are highly dependent on oil and gas prices, [220] but the share in GDP is much less than 50%. According to the first such comprehensive assessment published by the Russian statistics agency Rosstat in 2021 ...