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While Cauchy's equation (blue line) deviates significantly from the measured refractive indices outside of the visible region (which is shaded red), the Sellmeier equation (green dashed line) does not. The Sellmeier equation is an empirical relationship between refractive index and wavelength for a particular transparent medium. The equation is ...
Refractive index vs. wavelength for BK7 glass.Red crosses show measured values. Over the visible region (red shading), Cauchy's equation (blue line) agrees well with the measured refractive indices and the Sellmeier plot (green dashed line).
Wolfgang Sellmeier was a German theoretical physicist who made major contributions to the understanding of the interactions between light and matter. [1] In 1872 he published his seminal work Ueber die durch die Aetherschwingungen erregten Mitschwingungen der Körpertheilchen und deren Rückwirkung auf die ersteren, besonders zur Erklärung der Dispersion und ihrer Anomalien. [2]
Manufacturers of optical glass in general define principal index of refraction at yellow spectral line of helium (587.56 nm) and alternatively at a green spectral line of mercury (546.07 nm), called d and e lines respectively. Abbe number is defined for both and denoted V d and V e. The spectral data provided by glass manufacturers is also ...
Several laws have approximated this relationship to wavelength, notably Cauchy's law and Sellmeier equation. The refractive index of a glass is given for the yellow line known as the d line of helium (then noted n d) or for the green e line of mercury (then noted n e), depending on usage and the two main standards used. [9] [10] [11]
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This alternate takes the difference between cadmium's blue (C ′) and red (F ′) refractive indices at wavelengths 480.0 nm and 643.8 nm, relative to for mercury's e line at 546.073 nm, all of which are close by, and somewhat easier to produce than the C, F, and e lines.
Influences of selected glass component additions on the mean dispersion of a specific base glass (n F valid for λ = 486 nm (blue), n C valid for λ = 656 nm (red)) [3] Material dispersion can be a desirable or undesirable effect in optical applications.