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Kohala is 606 km 2 (234 sq mi) in area and 14,000 km 3 (3,400 cu mi) in volume, and thus constitutes just under 6% of the island of Hawaii. [1] Kohala is a shield volcano cut by multiple deep gorges, which are the product of thousands of years of erosion. Unlike the typical symmetry of other Hawaiian volcanoes, Kohala is shaped like a foot.
At that point, erosion of the volcano and subsidence of the seafloor cause the volcano to gradually diminish. As the volcano sinks and erodes, it first becomes an atoll island and then an atoll. Further subsidence causes the volcano to sink below the sea surface, becoming a seamount.
After hundreds of thousands of years of dormancy, Koʻolau volcano began to erupt again. Some thirty eruptions over the past 500,000 years or so have created many of the landmarks around eastern Oʻahu, such as Diamond Head, Koko Head (Hanauma Bay), Koko Crater, Punchbowl Crater, Tantalus, and Āliapaʻakai, and are collectively known as the Honolulu Volcanic Series, or simply Honolulu ...
Some Hawaiian volcanoes diverge from this, however. Lava is erupted as stocky, pasty ʻaʻā flows along with a lot of cinder. [1] Caldera development stops, and the rift zones become less active. The new lava flows increase the slope grade, as the ʻaʻā never reaches the base of the volcano. These lavas commonly fill and overflow the caldera ...
The Hawaiʻi hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located near the namesake Hawaiian Islands, in the northern Pacific Ocean.One of the best known and intensively studied hotspots in the world, [1] [2] the Hawaii plume is responsible for the creation of the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, a 6,200-kilometer (3,900 mi) mostly undersea volcanic mountain range.
The Kohala Mountain Road (250) provides a link between Waimea and the Kohala CDP's of Halaʻula, Hāwī, and Kapaʻau. Spencer Beach Park on the South Kohala Coast. Kohala has two small airports. Upolu Airport is on Upolu Point at the northern tip of the island. [9] Waimea-Kohala Airport is south of the town of Waimea, Hawaii County, Hawaii. [10]
ʻUpolu Point is the most northern point on the island of Hawaiʻi in the Hawaiian Islands. [1] It is an extruding landform created by cooled lava from an old eruption from Kohala volcano.
The oldest volcano on the island, Kohala, is more than a million years old, [17] while Kīlauea, the youngest, is between 300,000 and 600,000 years of age. [16] Kamaʻehuakanaloa (the ruddy, reddish child of Kanaloa, [18] formerly Lōʻihi), on the island's flank, is younger and has yet to breach the surface. [19]
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