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  2. Economic history of Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_Spain

    Spain's mineral wealth and access to metals made it a key source of raw material during the early metal ages. Carthage conquered parts of Iberia after the First Punic War. After conquering Carthage in the Second Punic War , the Romans governed all of the Iberian Peninsula for centuries, expanding and diversifying the economy and extending ...

  3. History of early childhood care and education - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_early_childhood...

    The History of early childhood care and education (ECCE) refers to the development of care and education of children between birth and eight years old throughout history. . ECCE has a global scope, and caring for and educating young children has always been an integral part of human societi

  4. National and regional identity in Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_and_regional...

    Catalonia, especially Barcelona, was the first part of Spain to industrialize. This early industrialization and the new economic problems associated with it led to even more of a break with the central government and culture. [66] Catalan industrialists often lobbied for trade protection and opposed trade treaties with other countries. [67] [68]

  5. Eight-hour day movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight-hour_day_movement

    At that time, the working day could range from 10 to 16 hours, the work week was typically six days, and child labour was common. [1] [2] In 1919, Spain became the first country to introduce the eight-hour work day by law for factory and fortification workers. [3] It was first established for non-agricultural workers by Uruguay in 1915. [4]

  6. History of Catalonia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Catalonia

    After an initial period in which Spain tried to build an autarky, in which the economy improved little, Franco's regime changed its economic policies in 1959 and in the 1960s and early 1970s the economy entered a period of rapid economic expansion that became known as the Spanish Miracle. International firms established their factories in Spain ...

  7. History of industrialisation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_industrialisation

    The Industrial Revolution spread southwards and eastwards from its origins in Northwest Europe. After the Convention of Kanagawa issued by Commodore Matthew C. Perry forced Japan to open the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade, the Japanese government realised that drastic reforms were necessary to stave off Western influence.

  8. Economy of Madrid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Madrid

    As Spain (like many other European countries) continued to centralize royal authority, particularly under the Bourbon monarchs, Madrid took on greater importance as a center of administration for Spain. It was sometimes described as an "economic parasite", sucking in the resources of the empire without directly generating wealth.

  9. Women in modern pre-Second Republic Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_modern_pre-Second...

    The early 1900s, 1910s and 1920s also saw a growth of women into the workforce in industries like nursing and education. These women also joined unions. [9] During this period, the Partido Socialista Obrero Español did not overall want to address women's rights as they saw the movement as bourgeois. They wanted to focus on union organization.