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The antibody cocktail binds to cytokeratin 1 - 8, 10, 14 - 16 and 19 (but not CK17 or CK18). [1] It is therefore used as a marker of carcinomas, such as depth of invasion and metastases. [ 1 ] For example, it is both relatively sensitive and specific for detection of breast cancer metastasis to sentinel lymph nodes .
Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 7 also known as cytokeratin-7 (CK-7) or keratin-7 (K7) or sarcolectin (SCL) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT7 gene. [5] [6] [7] Keratin 7 is a type II keratin. It is specifically expressed in the simple epithelia lining the cavities of the internal organs and in the gland ducts and blood vessels.
TTF-1 needs to have nuclear staining on immunohistochemistry to count as positive. Cytoplasmic staining is disregarded for diagnostic purposes. [10] Micrograph of a metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (found in the brain) that exhibits nuclear staining (brown) for TTF-1. TTF-1 positive cells are found in the lung as type II pneumocytes and club cells.
The term cytokeratin began to be used in the late 1970s, when the protein subunits of keratin intermediate filaments inside cells were first being identified and characterized. [2] In 2006 a new systematic nomenclature for mammalian keratins was created, and the proteins previously called cytokeratins are simply called keratins (human ...
Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) has long been divided into two clinicopathological stages, termed limited stage (LS) and extensive stage (ES). [8] The stage is generally determined by the presence or absence of metastases, whether or not the tumor appears limited to the thorax, and whether or not the entire tumor burden within the chest can feasibly be encompassed within a single radiotherapy ...
A Toker cell is an epithelial cell with clear cytoplasm in the nipple of some women. [1] Toker cells are believed to develop from sebaceous glands. [1] They are cytokeratin 7 (CK7) positive, in contrast to squamous epithelium. [1] Rarely, they can be numerous and atypical, and difficult to distinguish from malignant cells of Paget's disease of ...
It has been seen that Type II Keratins are developed before Type 1 keratins during human embryonic development. [2] Type II cytokeratins are encoded on chromosome 12q and encompasses: CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4, CK5, CK6, CK7 and CK8. Their molecular weight ranges from 52 kDa (CK8) to 67 kDa (CK18).
34βE12, often written as 34betaE12 and also known as CK34βE12 and keratin 903 (CK903), is an antibody specific for high molecular weight cytokeratins 1, 5, 10 and 14. [1] [2]It is sometimes, less precisely, referred to as high-molecular weight keratin (HMWK) and high-molecular weight cytokeratin (HMWCK).