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  2. Kelp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelp

    This "kelp highway hypothesis" suggested that highly productive kelp forests supported rich and diverse marine food webs in nearshore waters, including many types of fish, shellfish, birds, marine mammals, and seaweeds that were similar from Japan to California, Erlandson and his colleagues also argued that coastal kelp forests reduced wave ...

  3. Marine microbial symbiosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_Microbial_Symbiosis

    Microbial symbiosis in marine animals was not discovered until 1981. [3] In the time following, symbiotic relationships between marine invertebrates and chemoautotrophic bacteria have been found in a variety of ecosystems, ranging from shallow coastal waters to deep-sea hydrothermal vents .

  4. Marine protists - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_protists

    The fungus-like protist saprobes are specialized to absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter, such as dead organisms or their wastes. For instance, many types of oomycetes grow on dead animals or algae. Marine saprobic protists have the essential function of returning inorganic nutrients to the water.

  5. Marine microorganisms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_microorganisms

    They can be single-celled [1] or multicellular and include bacteria, archaea, viruses, and most protozoa, as well as some fungi, algae, and animals, such as rotifers and copepods. Many macroscopic animals and plants have microscopic juvenile stages. Some microbiologists also classify viruses as microorganisms, but others consider these as non ...

  6. Seaweed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seaweed

    It can cause vomiting and diarrhea. [61] The so-called "stinging seaweed" Microcoleus lyngbyaceus is a filamentous cyanobacteria which contains toxins including lyngbyatoxin-a and debromoaplysiatoxin. Direct skin contact can cause seaweed dermatitis characterized by painful, burning lesions that last for days. [1] [62]

  7. Marine primary production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_primary_production

    The oxygen released as a by-product of photosynthesis is needed by nearly all living things to carry out cellular respiration. In addition, primary producers are influential in the global carbon and water cycles. They stabilize coastal areas and can provide habitats for marine animals.

  8. Macrocystis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrocystis

    Macrocystis is a monospecific genus [3] of kelp (large brown algae) with all species now synonymous with Macrocystis pyrifera. It is commonly known as giant kelp or bladder kelp. This genus contains the largest of all the Phaeophyceae or brown algae. Macrocystis has pneumatocysts at the base of its blades.

  9. Marine food web - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_food_web

    Connections between the different compartments of the living (bacteria/viruses and phyto−/zooplankton) and the nonliving (DOM/POM and inorganic matter) environment [39] The viral shunt pathway facilitates the flow of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM) through the marine food web