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  2. Synchronous optical networking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronous_optical_networking

    SONET/SDH is not a complete communications protocol in itself, but a transport protocol (not a "transport" in the OSI Model sense). Due to SONET/SDH's essential protocol neutrality and transport-oriented features, SONET/SDH was the choice for transporting the fixed length Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) frames also known as cells. It quickly ...

  3. Subnetwork connection protection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subnetwork_Connection...

    In telecommunications, subnetwork connection protection (SNCP), is a type of protection mechanism associated with synchronous optical networks such as synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH). SNCP is a dedicated (1+1) protection mechanism for SDH network spans which may be deployed in ring, point to point or mesh topologies .

  4. G.709 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.709

    The G.709 OTUk signal is positioned as a server layer signal for various client signals, e.g. SDH/SONET, ATM, IP, Ethernet, Fibre Channel and OTN ODUk (where k=0, 1, 2, 2e, 3, 3e2, 4 or flex). [3] Work on support for InfiniBand and Common Public Radio Interface client signals is currently [ when? ] in progress.

  5. Packet over SONET/SDH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_over_SONET/SDH

    Packet over SONET/SDH, abbreviated POS, is a communications protocol for transmitting packets in the form of the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) over SDH or SONET, which are both standard protocols for communicating digital information using lasers or light emitting diodes (LEDs) over optical fibre at high line rates. POS is defined by RFC 2615 ...

  6. Computer network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network

    Synchronous optical networking (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers. They were originally designed to transport circuit mode communications from a variety of different sources, primarily to support circuit-switched ...

  7. Ring network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_network

    Rings can be unidirectional, with all traffic travelling either clockwise or anticlockwise around the ring, or bidirectional (as in SONET/SDH). [1] Because a unidirectional ring topology provides only one pathway between any two nodes, unidirectional ring networks may be disrupted by the failure of a single link. [2]

  8. Ethernet over SDH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_over_SDH

    After traversing SDH paths, the traffic is processed in the reverse fashion: virtual concatenation path processing to recreate the original synchronous byte stream, followed by decapsulation to converting the synchronous data stream to an asynchronous stream of Ethernet frames. The SDH paths may be VC-4, VC-3, VC-12 or VC-11 paths.

  9. Add-drop multiplexer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Add-drop_multiplexer

    At the end of 2003, sales of multiservice ADMs exceeded those of legacy ADMs for the first time, as the change to next-generation SONET/SDH networks accelerated. An emerging variety of ADMs that is becoming popular as the carriers continue to invest in metro optical networks are reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (ROADMs).