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Rotational symmetry of order n, also called n-fold rotational symmetry, or discrete rotational symmetry of the n th order, with respect to a particular point (in 2D) or axis (in 3D) means that rotation by an angle of (180°, 120°, 90°, 72°, 60°, 51 3 ⁄ 7 °, etc.) does not change the object. A "1-fold" symmetry is no symmetry (all ...
Animation of a half-turn ambigram of the word ambigram, with 180-degree rotational symmetry [1]. An ambigram is a calligraphic composition of glyphs (letters, numbers, symbols or other shapes) that can yield different meanings depending on the orientation of observation.
In two dimensions, a point reflection is the same as a rotation of 180 degrees. In three dimensions, a point reflection can be described as a 180-degree rotation composed with reflection across the plane of rotation, perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
Their symmetry group has two elements, the identity and the 180° rotation. 1 octomino (coloured yellow) has rotational symmetry of order 4. Its symmetry group has four elements, the identity and the 90°, 180° and 270° rotations. 4 octominoes (coloured purple) have two axes of reflection symmetry, both aligned with the gridlines.
The Szilassi polyhedron has an axis of 180-degree symmetry. This symmetry swaps three pairs of congruent faces, leaving one unpaired hexagon that has the same rotational symmetry as the polyhedron. This symmetry swaps three pairs of congruent faces, leaving one unpaired hexagon that has the same rotational symmetry as the polyhedron.
The five blue hexominoes have point symmetry, also known as rotational symmetry of order 2. Their symmetry group has two elements, the identity and the 180° rotation. The two purple hexominoes have two axes of mirror symmetry, both parallel to the gridlines (thus one horizontal axis and one vertical axis). Their symmetry group has four elements.
The infinite series of axial or prismatic groups have an index n, which can be any integer; in each series, the nth symmetry group contains n-fold rotational symmetry about an axis, i.e. symmetry with respect to a rotation by an angle 360°/n. n=1 covers the cases of no rotational symmetry at all.
A drawing of a butterfly with bilateral symmetry, with left and right sides as mirror images of each other.. In geometry, an object has symmetry if there is an operation or transformation (such as translation, scaling, rotation or reflection) that maps the figure/object onto itself (i.e., the object has an invariance under the transform). [1]