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The time it takes for the anesthetic medication to prevent pain in the area (speed of onset) and length of time that the area does not have painful sensations are considerations when choosing an appropriate approach to dental treatment.
The bladder is an organ that stores urine until it is released from the body. Several conditions can affect the bladder including urinary tract infections, bladder stones, bladder cancer, overactive bladder, cystitis, interstitial cystitis, abscess, fistula, and urinary incontinence. [4] [5] [1]
Paresthesia, a short-to-long-term numbness or altered sensation affecting a nerve, is a well-known complication of injectable local anesthetics and has been present even before articaine was available. [17] An article by Haas and Lennon published in 1993 [18] seems to be the original source for the controversy surrounding articaine. This paper ...
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
Giardiasis is a disease of the small intestine caused by a protist parasite Giardia lamblia. This does not spread but remains confined to the lumen of the small intestine. [47] It can often be asymptomatic, but as often can be indicated by a variety of symptoms. Giardiasis is the most common pathogenic parasitic infection in humans. [48]
Histamine does not seem to have a direct role in the development of bladder diseases, but it can contribute to bladder inflammation and associated symptoms. H 2 receptors in the bladder play a role in regulating bladder contraction. H 2 receptor antagonists have been shown to reduce bladder contractions and improve bladder function in animal ...
Other causes can include acid reflux, asthma, allergies, or other chronic medical conditions, adds Richard Watkins, M.D., an infectious disease physician and professor of medicine at the Northeast ...
Gastric aspiration and or lavage, where a tube is inserted into the stomach via the nose in an attempt to determine if there is blood in the stomach, if negative does not rule out an upper GI bleed [20] but if positive is useful for ruling one in. [14] Clots in the stool indicate a lower GI source while melana stools an upper one. [14]