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R-410A is a refrigerant fluid used in air conditioning and heat pump applications. It is a zeotropic but near-azeotropic mixture of difluoromethane (CH 2 F 2, called R-32) and pentafluoroethane (CHF 2 CF 3, called R-125). R-410A is sold under the trademarked names AZ-20, EcoFluor R410, Forane 410A, Genetron R410A, Puron, and Suva 410A.
Being phased out: A widely used hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) and powerful greenhouse gas with a GWP equal to 1810. Worldwide production of R-22 in 2008 was about 800 Gg per year, up from about 450 Gg per year in 1998. R-438A (MO-99) is a R-22 replacement. [73] R-123 HCFC-123 CHCl 2 CF 3: 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane: 292 79 US phase-out
As a result of CFCs contributing to ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere, the manufacture of such compounds has been phased out under the Montreal Protocol, and they are being replaced with other products such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) [1] including R-410A, R-134a and R-1234yf. [2] [3] [4]
According to ASHRAE standard 34, the R-number of a chemical refrigerant is assigned systematically according to its molecular structure and has between two and four digits. If there are carbon -carbon multiple bonds , there are four digits in all: the number of these bonds is the first digit and the number of carbon atoms minus one (C-1) is next.
Recent government mandates have seen the phase-out of R-22 refrigerant. Replacements such as R-32 and R-410A are being promoted as environmentally friendly but still have a high GWP. [88] A heat pump typically uses 3 kg of refrigerant.
'Freon' is the brand name for the refrigerants R-12, R-13B1, R-22, R-410A, R-502, and R-503 manufactured by The Chemours Company, and so is not used to label all refrigerants of this type. They emit a strong smell similar to acetone. [2] Freon has been found to cause damage to human health when inhaled in large amounts.
Because of its reduced global warming potential (GWP), R-454B is intended to be an alternative to refrigerant R-410A in new equipment. [2] [3] [4] R-454B has a GWP of 466, which is 78 percent lower than R-410A's GWP of 2088. [2] R-454B is non-toxic and mildly flammable, with an ASHRAE safety classification of A2L. In the United States, it is ...
This is an auto-cascade process with two different refrigerants. The high-temperature refrigerant (red) condenses in the air condenser and is then separated and evaporated to cool the heat exchanger, which condenses the low-temperature refrigerant (blue). Purple signifies a mixture of both refrigerants.