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The Kingdom of Mapungubwe (pronounced / m ɑː ˈ p uː n ɡ uː b w eɪ / mah-POON-goob-weh) was an ancient [a] state located at the confluence of the Shashe and Limpopo rivers in South Africa, south of Great Zimbabwe.
Mapungubwe National Park is a national park in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. It forms part of the UNESCO Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape and the Greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area , abutting on the border with Botswana and Zimbabwe .
The Greater Mapungubwe trans frontier conservation area, which is presently being developed will cover an area of 4 872 km 2 in extent with 28% (1 350 km 2) being situated in Botswana with a further 53% (2 561 km 2) situated in South Africa and the remaining 19% (960 km 2) situated in Zimbabwe. The area is of substantial importance for ...
Local knowledge of Mapungubwe has also been recorded from oral histories, thus supporting ethnographic and historical evidence about the awareness of Mapungubwe as a sacred hill [citation needed]. Evidence suggests that Mapungubwe therefore cannot be regarded as belonging to any single individual, but is rather symbolically associated with ...
Great Zimbabwe was likely a centre for crafts and a place of great religious significance, [5]: 17 however, unlike at Mapungubwe, rainmaking centres and cults were kept distant from the centre of power, and it was often entrusted to native members of particular regions. [9]
The Mapungubwe people, a Bantu-speaking group of migrants from present-day South Africa, inhabited the Great Zimbabwe site from about AD 1000 - 1550, intermarrying with san bushmen people the native shona talk of this as the story of the tavara being the bantu and shava being the bushmen . From about 1100, the fortress took shape, reaching its ...
It flourished from the 11th to 13th centuries, being a predecessor to the Kingdom of Mapungubwe. The ruins have survived because much of the complex was built in stone. The site contains a large mound, some 180 metres in diameter, and covers an area of about 5 hectares. It is surrounded on three sides by sandstone cliffs (Wood 2005:86).
Mapungubwe was the center of a kingdom with about 5,000 people living at its center. Mapungubwe as a trade center lasted between 1220 and 1300 AD. The people of Mapungubwe mined and smelted copper, iron and gold, spun cotton, made glass and ceramics, grew millet and sorghum, and tended cattle, goats and sheep. [8]