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When it was initially published in 1968, [10] Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 108 was part of 49 CFR 371.21, incorporating several SAE recommended practices by reference. [11] The 1969 version of FMVSS 108 allowed the use of two headlamps, each 7 in (180 mm) in diameter, or four smaller 5 + 3 ⁄ 4 in (150 mm) headlamps. [11]: Table I
Raised reflective markers, such as plastic, ceramic, or metal ones, include a lens or sheeting that enhances their visibility by retroreflecting automotive headlights, while glass road studs gather automotive headlights with a dome shape and reflect the lights with a reflective layer within.
The regulations specifies several classes of vehicles that may use amber lights, such as vehicles towing, highway maintenance, pilot vehicles escorting an oversize load, and vehicles unable to travel over 25 mph [90] and fitting these lights to other vehicles (such as privately owned or pedestrian) is legal (these beacons are widely fitted to ...
A safety reflector is a retroreflector intended for pedestrians, runners, motorized and non-motorized vehicles. A safety reflector is similar to reflective stripes that can be found on safety vests and clothing worn by road workers and rescue workers. They are sometimes erroneously called luminous badges or luminous tags, but this is incorrect ...
Double-ended cat's eye is Shaw's original design and marks road centre-line. The inventor of cat's eyes was Percy Shaw of Boothtown, Halifax, West Yorkshire, England.When the tram-lines were removed in the nearby suburb of Ambler Thorn, he realised that he had been using the polished steel rails to navigate at night. [3]
Light-colored roof shingles and reflective paint. Often called cool roofs , these help to keep attics cooler in the summer and in hot climates. To maximize radiative cooling at night, they are often chosen to have high thermal emissivity, whereas their low emissivity for the solar spectrum reflects heat during the day.
If the vehicle is removed from the breakdown site, the warning triangle must be collected; it is not allowed to leave it standing. [1] In a few cases, a warning triangle may not be placed, if the circumstances do not allow it to be placed safely or practicable (e.g. due to rescuing severely injured people, which may be prioritized).
Full-voltage vs. parking light headlamp on European-market Volkswagen, 2007. Depending on prevailing regulations and equipment, vehicles may implement the daytime-running light function by functionally turning on specific lamps, by operating low-beam headlamps or fog lamps at full or reduced intensity, by operating high-beam headlamps at reduced intensity, or by steady-burning operation of the ...