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  2. Inverse trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_trigonometric...

    The notations sin −1 (x), cos −1 (x), tan1 (x), etc., as introduced by John Herschel in 1813, [7] [8] are often used as well in English-language sources, [1] much more than the also established sin [−1] (x), cos [−1] (x), tan [−1] (x) – conventions consistent with the notation of an inverse function, that is useful (for example ...

  3. List of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric...

    A formula for computing the trigonometric identities for the one-third angle exists, but it requires finding the zeroes of the cubic equation 4x 3 − 3x + d = 0, where is the value of the cosine function at the one-third angle and d is the known value of the cosine function at the full angle.

  4. Proofs of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proofs_of_trigonometric...

    For the sine function, we can handle other values. If θ > π /2, then θ > 1. But sin θ ≤ 1 (because of the Pythagorean identity), so sin θ < θ. So we have ⁡ < <. For negative values of θ we have, by the symmetry of the sine function

  5. Trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions

    Basis of trigonometry: if two right triangles have equal acute angles, they are similar, so their corresponding side lengths are proportional.. In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) [1] are real functions which relate an angle of a right-angled triangle to ratios of two side lengths.

  6. List of integrals of inverse trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_integrals_of...

    There are three common notations for inverse trigonometric functions. The arcsine function, for instance, could be written as sin −1, asin, or, as is used on this page, arcsin. For each inverse trigonometric integration formula below there is a corresponding formula in the list of integrals of inverse hyperbolic functions.

  7. Versine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versine

    The versine [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] or versed sine [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] is a trigonometric function already appearing in some of the earliest trigonometric tables. It ...

  8. Small-angle approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small-angle_approximation

    The quantity 206 265 ″ is approximately equal to the number of arcseconds in a circle (1 296 000 ″), divided by 2π, or, the number of arcseconds in 1 radian. The exact formula is = ⁡ (″) and the above approximation follows when tan X is replaced by X.

  9. Meridian arc - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meridian_arc

    where tan β = (1 − f)tan φ and e′ 2 = ⁠ e 2 / 1 − e 2 ⁠. Even though latitude is normally confined to the range [− ⁠ π / 2 ⁠, ⁠ π / 2 ⁠], all the formulae given here apply to measuring distance around the complete meridian ellipse (including the anti-meridian). Thus the ranges of φ, β, and the rectifying latitude μ ...